{
  "abstract": "Background: Inflammation is suggested to play a central role in cancer-related appetite loss, yet the available evidence remains limited. Methods: This study analyzed data from a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study of patients with metastatic cancer followed for one year. The longitudinal associations between appetite loss and both clinical characteristics and inflammatory markers were examined. Logistic generalized equation model (GEE) was used. Results: Among 526 patients, 299 (57%) experienced appetite loss at baseline. During longitudinal observation appetite loss was associated with older age (OR 1.19, CI 1.01–1.39 as per 10-year years increase), poorer performance status (OR 0.85, CI 0.77–0.94), recent weight loss (OR 2.74, CI 2.11–3.56), and symptoms including constipation, nausea, fatigue, and lower emotional functioning. Corticosteroid use was associated with lower risk of appetite loss (OR 0.69, CI 0.53–0.90). Several inflammatory markers were also associated with appetite loss, including IL-8, IP-10, IL-6, CRP, eotaxin, albumin. Conclusions: Appetite loss in metastatic cancer is linked to clinical factors, symptom burden, and inflammatory markers. Optimizing symptom management and targeting inflammation might have a positive impact.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway",
    "Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital-Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway",
    "Department of Clinical Medicine, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway",
    "Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway",
    "Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway",
    "European Palliative Care Research Centre (PRC), Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway",
    "Regional Advisory Unit for Palliative Care, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway",
    "Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway",
    "Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital-Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ragnhild Habberstad",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7788-1884"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ola Magne Vagnildhaug",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9419-5969"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Trude Rakel Balstad",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5715-4268"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Øyvind Salvesen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Erik Torbjørn Løhre",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0653-3778"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Asta Bye",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4902-0240"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Olav Dajani",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9115-8529"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Nina Aass"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Stein Kaasa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Pål Klepstad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tora S. Solheim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2565-8437"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/426mycbq5gjs2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/cancers18203407",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702586/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "426mycbq5gjs2",
  "issns": [
    "2072-6694"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/20/3407",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Nutrition and Health in Aging"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223179282",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13702586/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13702586",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/426mycbq5gjs2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:58Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/cancers18203407",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/20/3407"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13702586",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13702586"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Nutrition and Health in Aging",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Appetite Loss in Metastatic Cancer: Insights from Clinical and Inflammatory Markers Observed Longitudinally",
  "title_text": "Appetite Loss in Metastatic Cancer: Insights from Clinical and Inflammatory Markers Observed Longitudinally",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/426mycbq5gjs2",
  "venue": "Cancers",
  "versions": []
}