{
  "abstract": "Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) induces durable responses in metastatic melanoma, yet the clonal and transcriptional dynamics governing tumor-reactive T cell fate during ex vivo expansion and after transfer remain poorly understood. Here, we perform longitudinal single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing across five time points, from baseline tumors through two-phase ex vivo expansion to post-infusion blood and tumor biopsies, in seven melanoma patients, resolving both the CD8+ and CD4+ compartments. Tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells are reinvigorated from exhaustion and acquire HLA-II-high or KLF2-high profiles. We further dissect the tumor-responsive CD4+ compartment in depth, revealing lineage-dependent reinvigoration in which follicular helper T cells adopt an effector state while exhausted CD4+ T cells retain dysfunction. In non-responders, across three cohorts, co-transferred type 17 T cells and de novo regulatory T cell expansion after transfer associate with treatment failure. These data define subtype-specific signatures across both lineages to guide TIL expansion.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Division of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Innovation Focus Cell Therapies, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 22,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michael T. Sandholzer"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Clara Serger"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Alessia G. Liner"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sarp Uzun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "David König"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Helen Thut"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Reto Ritschard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jonas D. Fürst"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Andreas Zingg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Natalia Rodrigues Mantuano"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Benjamin Kasenda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Katharina Glatz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Elisabeth A. Kappos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Matthias Matter"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Andreas Holbro"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Frank Stenner"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jakob Passweg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Nina Khanna"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Lukas Jeker"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mascha Binder"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Alfred Zippelius"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Heinz Läubli"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/44gjczk6kawgt.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.103051",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13710383/",
  "id": "44gjczk6kawgt",
  "issns": [
    "2666-3791"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.103051",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213254054",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13710383",
  "pmid": "42743921",
  "published": "2026-09-15",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/44gjczk6kawgt.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:22Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13710383",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.103051"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Single-cell tracking reveals tumor-reactive T cell plasticity during melanoma TIL therapy",
  "title_text": "Single-cell tracking reveals tumor-reactive T cell plasticity during melanoma TIL therapy",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/44gjczk6kawgt",
  "venue": "Cell Reports Medicine",
  "versions": []
}