{
  "abstract": "We describe the design of the first non-pharmacological Parkinson’s disease prevention trials worldwide: the randomised ‘Slow-SPEED’ trials. Three trials examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a gamified, remotely administered exercise intervention vs. active control over 18–36 months in complementary prodromal subgroups: iRBD(n = 110; Netherlands), hyposmia(n = 110; United Kingdom) or LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers(n = 600; United States). These trials will provide unique insights for large-scale Parkinson’s prevention studies. Protocols are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov(NCT06193252[1-5-2024];NCT06600438[9-19-2024];NCT06993142[5-28-2025]).",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands",
    "Center for Preventive Neurology Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK",
    "Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA",
    "23andMe Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA USA",
    "Davis Phinney Foundation, Louisville, CO USA",
    "Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK",
    "Department of Public Health, Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine Programme, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands",
    "Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK",
    "Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA",
    "Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA",
    "Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands",
    "Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
    "Department of Neurology and Center for Health and Technology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA",
    "Center for the Brain & Environment, Atria Research and Global Health Institute, New York, NY USA",
    "Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute, Movement Investigations and Therapeutics Team (MOV’IT), Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France",
    "Parkinson’s Foundation, Parkinson’s Advocates in Research Program, Pendergrass, GA USA",
    "Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany",
    "Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland",
    "Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA",
    "Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT USA",
    "Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, The Netherlands",
    "Norfolk Smell & Taste Clinic, James Paget University Hospital, Gorleston, Norfolk, UK",
    "Rhinology & Olfactology Research Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK",
    "The Neuro, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada",
    "Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands",
    "Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA",
    "Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL USA",
    "Center of Neurology, Department of Parkinson’s, Sleep and Movement Disorders, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany & German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany",
    "Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria",
    "Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany",
    "Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands",
    "Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands",
    "Cure Parkinson’s, London, UK"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 47,
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    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Thomas H. Oosterhof"
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      "name": "Eleanor Mitchell"
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      "name": "Alberto Ascherio"
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      "name": "Stella Aslibekyan"
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      "name": "Viktoria Azoidou"
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      "name": "Kara Beasley"
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      "name": "Yoav Ben-Shlomo"
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      "name": "Eline Bunnik"
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      "name": "Camille Carroll"
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      "name": "Daniel Corcos"
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      "name": "Jules M. Janssen Daalen"
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      "name": "Ray Dorsey"
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      "name": "Luc J. W. Evers"
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      "name": "Rick C. Helmich"
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      "name": "Martin Johansson"
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      "name": "Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann"
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      "name": "Jessi Keavney"
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      "name": "Christine Klein"
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        3
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      "name": "Matthew J. Kmiecik"
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    {
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        17
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      "name": "Thomas Kustermann"
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    {
      "affs": [
        18
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      "name": "Eric A. Macklin"
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    {
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        19
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      "name": "Kenneth Marek"
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    {
      "affs": [
        20
      ],
      "name": "Sanne K. Meles"
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    {
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        21
      ],
      "name": "Sebastiaan Overeem"
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    {
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        22,
        23
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      "name": "Carl M. Philpott"
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    {
      "affs": [
        21
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      "name": "Angelique Pijpers"
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    {
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        24
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      "name": "Ronald B. Postuma"
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    {
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        3
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      "name": "Helen M. Rowbotham"
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    {
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        25
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      "name": "Sabine Schootemeijer"
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    {
      "affs": [
        26
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      "name": "Michael A. Schwarzschild"
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    {
      "affs": [
        27
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      "name": "Tanya Simuni"
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    {
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        28
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      "name": "Michael Sommerauer"
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      "name": "Ambra Stefani"
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      "name": "Kenan Steidel"
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      "name": "Marcel Verbeek"
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      "name": "Rick van der Vliet"
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    {
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        32
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      "name": "Nienke M. de Vries"
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      "name": "Bart van de Warrenburg"
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      "name": "Bastiaan R. Bloem"
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      "name": "Ruth B. Schneider"
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      "name": "Alastair J. Noyce"
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      "name": "Sirwan K. L. Darweesh"
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48bey0rh4qngc.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13740239/",
  "id": "48bey0rh4qngc",
  "issns": [
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Perspective"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments"
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  "openalex": "W7168238299",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13740239",
  "pmid": "42448717",
  "published": "2026-07-14",
  "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48bey0rh4qngc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T12:21:32Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13740239",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson’s disease",
  "title_text": "Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson’s disease",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T12:21:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48bey0rh4qngc",
  "venue": "NPJ Parkinson's Disease",
  "versions": []
}