{
  "abstract": "Fresh aqueous extracts were independently prepared from the same collected Moringa oleifera seed lot and used as biogenic media for the paired preparation of CeO2-rich nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) and Ce-rich, multi-rare-earth-containing oxide-rich nanoparticles (multi-REO NPs). Three independent synthesis batches were prepared for each nanoparticle system under standardized extraction and harmonized reaction and post-synthesis conditions. The physicochemical properties of both nanoparticle systems were investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDS analysis/mapping, TEM/SAED, DLS, and zeta-potential measurements, while HPLC profiling was performed to characterize the phytochemical constituents of the M. oleifera seed extract. TEM analysis showed that CeO2 NPs were predominantly quasi-spherical, with projected particle dimensions of approximately 5–15 nm, whereas multi-REO NPs exhibited larger projected particle dimensions of approximately 20–60 nm. Multi-REO NPs also exhibited more numerous and comparatively better-resolved diffraction features based on XRD and TEM-SAED analyses. Zeta-potential measurements revealed stronger electrostatic stabilization for CeO2 NPs (−25.5 mV) than for multi-REO NPs (−5.09 mV). Multi-REO NPs generally produced greater apparent cell-free assay responses than CeO2 NPs at equivalent concentrations. Multi-REO NPs exhibited estimated IC50 values of 115.3 and 88.2 µg mL−1 for DPPH˙ and ABTS˙+ scavenging, respectively, compared with 71.4 and 55.5 µg mL−1 for ascorbic acid. The estimated IC50 values were 129.1 µg mL−1 for α-amylase inhibition, compared with 79.57 µg mL−1 for acarbose, and 159.6 µg mL−1 for BSA thermal-denaturation inhibition, compared with 121.5 µg mL−1 for diclofenac sodium. CeO2 NPs did not reach 50% response within the tested range for these endpoints, whereas neither nanoparticle system exhibited a monotonic concentration-dependent AChE-inhibitory response. Overall, the two compositionally distinct nanoparticle systems exhibited different physicochemical, colloidal, and assay-specific profiles, with multi-REO NPs generally showing greater cell-free responses. However, the findings do not establish rare-earth synergy, biological safety, or therapeutic efficacy, and require further mechanistic, interference-control, cytotoxicity, cellular, and in vivo evaluation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Reactors Materials Department, Nuclear Materials Authority Cairo Egypt",
    "Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Egypt"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nader Anis",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-9509-3332"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nada Emam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mona M. Khalifa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "A. I. L. Abd El Fatah"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48ss7s6hc6yfx.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6na00394j",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13613366/",
  "id": "48ss7s6hc6yfx",
  "issns": [
    "2516-0230"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6na00394j",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-3.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 3.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214303187",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13613366",
  "pmid": "42798924",
  "published": "2026-09-25",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48ss7s6hc6yfx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:20:59Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13613366",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6na00394j"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Comparative evaluation of green-synthesized CeO2-rich and multi-rare-earth-containing oxide-rich nanoparticles prepared using Moringa oleifera seed extract: physicochemical characterization and preliminary cell-free screening",
  "title_text": "Comparative evaluation of green-synthesized CeO2-rich and multi-rare-earth-containing oxide-rich nanoparticles prepared using Moringa oleifera seed extract: physicochemical characterization and preliminary cell-free screening",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:20:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/48ss7s6hc6yfx",
  "venue": "Nanoscale Advances",
  "versions": []
}