{
  "abstract": "Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key virulence factor that induces intestinal oxidative damage in livestock and poultry, and cellular ferroptosis is one of the triggers of oxidative stress. Ferulic acid (FA) is a natural phenolic acid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis properties. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of FA against LPS-induced ferroptosis in the porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The experiment included four treatment groups: control group (CON), 50 μg/mL FA group (FA), 10 μg/mL LPS group (LPS), and 50 μg/mL FA combined with 10 μg/mL LPS group (FA and LPS), with all treatments lasting 24 h. The results showed that FA inhibited ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. LPS successfully induced ferroptosis, as evidenced by decreased cell viability, increased levels of ROS, MDA, and Fe2+, downregulation of GPX4 and SLC7A11, and upregulation of TFRC and ACSL4. FA effectively alleviated LPS-induced ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells, with an efficacy comparable to that of the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that FA significantly reversed the gene expression changes induced by LPS, with differentially expressed genes enriched in pathways related to ferroptosis, TNF signaling, NF-κB signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and PI3K-Akt signaling. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis indicated that genes such as HMGCS1, CXCL8, and IL-18 may serve as key nodes mediating the protective effects of FA. In conclusion, FA alleviates LPS-induced ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells by regulating glutathione metabolism, maintaining iron homeostasis, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This effect is closely associated with the coordinated regulation of inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism, and ferroptosis-related signaling pathways.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China",
    "Laboratory of Smart Animal Husbandry at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China",
    "Dairy-Breeding and Production Research Subcenter of National Technology Innovation Center for Dairy, Hohhot, China",
    "State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jiayu Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hongchao Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yaxuan Niu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Tao Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Xiangyu Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yue Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Wenwen Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuanqing Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yuan Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mingxing Chu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/49x1vz1dp5nd0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fvets.2026.1950560",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13697013/",
  "id": "49x1vz1dp5nd0",
  "issns": [
    "2297-1769"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2026.1950560",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221551013",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13697013?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13697013",
  "pmid": "42935726",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/49x1vz1dp5nd0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13697013",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2026.1950560"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42935726",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42935726"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the protective mechanism of ferulic acid against lipopolysaccharide-induced ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells",
  "title_text": "Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the protective mechanism of ferulic acid against lipopolysaccharide-induced ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:34:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/49x1vz1dp5nd0",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Veterinary Science",
  "versions": []
}