{
  "abstract": "In this study, ZnNi0.1Co1.9O₄ spinel oxide structures were synthesized and used to modify screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) for sensitive Pb(ii) detection. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the Ni incorporation significantly modulates the electronic structure and enhance the electrical conductivity of ZnCo₂O₄ structure, thereby accelerating interfacial electron transfer kinetics and improving Pb(ii) adsorption. Benefiting from oxygen vacancies and active redox pairs (Co²⁺/Co³⁺), the ternary ZnNi0.1Co1.9O₄ structure demonstrated excellent electrocatalytic performance towards Pb(ii) sensing. Under optimized conditions, the advanced ternary ZnNi0.1Co1.9O₄ spinel oxide-based electrochemical sensor achieved a low detection limit of 0.021 µg L⁻¹ and a wide linear range of 0.1-1000 µg L⁻¹ for Pb(ii) detection. Furthermore, the proposed electrochemical sensor also demonstrated excellent potential for the reliable determination of Pb(ii) in environmental water and soil samples. This study demonstrates that ternary ZnNi0.1Co1.9O₄ structure are promising spinel oxide electrode materials for high-performance electrochemical sensors, highlighting its potential for the rapid detection of heavy-metal ions in environmental water and soil matrices.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa School of Engineering (SPE), Phenikaa University Hanoi 12116 Vietnam huong.phungthilan@phenikaa-uni.edu.vn dinh.ngoxuan@phenikaa-uni.edu.vn tuan.leanh@phenikaa-uni.edu.vn.",
    "Hung Vuong High School for the Gifted Viet Tri Ward Phu Tho province Vietnam.",
    "Air Force - Air Defense Technical Institute Hanoi 121100 Vietnam.",
    "University of Transport Technology Trieu Khuc Ward, Thanh Xuan District Hanoi Vietnam.",
    "Department of Nanoenergy Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University (PNU) Busan 46241 Republic of Korea.",
    "Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Phenikaa School of Engineering (PSE), Phenikaa University Hanoi 12116 Vietnam."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Phung Thi Lan Huong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vu Thi Huong Mai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nguyen Ngoc Huyen",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-8048-3933"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Le Thanh Liem"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ong Van Hoang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "De Pham-Cong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Pham Tuyet Nhung",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1790-1457"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Vu Ngoc Phan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ngo Xuan Dinh",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2204-7590"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anh-Tuan Le",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4191-1834"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4e034mecg9x0r.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra07507j",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13718628/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "4e034mecg9x0r",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
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  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13718628",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1603|Electrochemical Analysis and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224241423",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13718628/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13718628",
  "pmid": "42959886",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4e034mecg9x0r.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13718628",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13718628"
    },
    {
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1603|Electrochemical Analysis and Applications",
      "subfield": "electrochemistry-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cation substitution and oxygen vacancies engineering in ZnNi0.1Co1.9O4 spinel oxide for sensitive electrochemical detection of lead(ii) ions in environmental water and soil samples",
  "title_text": "Cation substitution and oxygen vacancies engineering in ZnNi0.1Co1.9O4 spinel oxide for sensitive electrochemical detection of lead(ii) ions in environmental water and soil samples",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:22:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4e034mecg9x0r",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}