{
  "abstract": "This narrative review adopts the gut-immune-brain axis as the core framework. Literature published 2010-2025 was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect; landmark pre-2010 studies from top journals were also included. Literature was analyzed across five dimensions: metabolite synthesis-transport, intestinal immune regulation, central mediation, disease-pathology links and clinical translation. We elucidate how short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites and bile acids act as immune messengers to modulate neural homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, they maintain barrier integrity and central immune balance; when dysregulated, they trigger immune disturbance, blood-brain barrier damage and neuroinflammation, promoting Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, major depressive disorder and chronic insomnia. Moving beyond conventional gut-brain-axis reviews focused merely on gut-brain communication, this work highlights immunity as the critical intermediate node and constructs the cascade “gut microbial metabolites-immune regulation-neural homeostasis-disease”. We further summarize biomarker prospects and intervention strategies including dietary fiber, pre-/probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation. Notably, an ICH-M10-aligned five-stage biomarker validation framework and a gut-brain-immune tri-culture microfluidic model are proposed, offering new directions for mechanistic research and precision therapy for neurological disorders.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Health",
    "Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University",
    "First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University",
    "Alberta Institute, Wenzhou Medical University",
    "School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University",
    "School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University",
    "Renji College of Wenzhou Medical University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yimao Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiaofei Xie"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Weiqi Lyu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jun-er Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Fei Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Ruohong Mao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Sihan Pan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Liao Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Minggui Fu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4hy3s30v6h2hj.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1993237",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4hy3s30v6h2hj",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1993237/full",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4hy3s30v6h2hj.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1993237",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1993237/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "issn:1664-3224",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Gut microbial metabolites: linking gut–immune–brain crosstalk to mental and neuropsychiatric health",
  "title_text": "Gut microbial metabolites: linking gut–immune–brain crosstalk to mental and neuropsychiatric health",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T00:25:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4hy3s30v6h2hj",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}