{
  "abstract": "Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for qualitative analysis, but strong language performance does not guarantee strong interpretation when meaning depends on method and context. We developed a context-specific workflow that translated framework analysis into bounded, sequential LLM-supported tasks and applied it to 20 Chinese-language interviews on fear of dementia (approximately 150,000 characters). Four multilingual LLM-generated outputs and a previous researcher-only analysis were blindly evaluated by 16 relevant experts across different analytical domains and qualitative quality dimensions (496 expert-item records). All LLMs completed the workflow, but rankings varied markedly. Qwen-output showed the most consistently favourable overall profile, while Claude-output was most often ranked first in individual domain-dimension evaluations. The researcher analysis received both highly favourable and highly unfavourable rankings; no output was consistently preferred. LLM-assisted qualitative analysis should be evaluated within its research contexts, with transparent workflows, multidimensional assessment, and continued researcher oversight.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Leiden University Medical Center"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "H. Dai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Villalobos-Quesada"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. M. Ng"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Aardoom"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Versluis"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. Shen"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Spruit"
    },
    {
      "name": "N. Chavannes"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4j40n3c4vy19g.bib",
  "cited_by": 2,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410v1.full",
  "id": "4j40n3c4vy19g",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "health informatics"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3300|Computational and Text Analysis Methods"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212352529",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4j40n3c4vy19g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.07.26362410v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:health informatics",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Context Matters in LLM-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis: Workflow Development and Multidimensional Evaluation in Health Research",
  "title_text": "Context Matters in LLM-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis: Workflow Development and Multidimensional Evaluation in Health Research",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4j40n3c4vy19g",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}