{
  "abstract": "Nanobody binders may be raised against membrane protein targets for a myriad of applications including the modulation of bioactivity and to aid in structural elucidation. Flow-Induced Dispersion Analysis (FIDA) is a burgeoning analytical technique which has been used to quantify protein-protein binding interactions. FIDA offers a straightforward route to characterizing membrane protein-nanobody complexation in terms of affinity and particle size. A protocol for the rapid characterisation of nanobodies that bind membrane proteins with high affinity using FIDA would expedite the development of novel nanobody-based biomedicines and facilitate nanobody-assisted membrane protein structural biology. In this study, FIDA was used to characterize the complexation of a nanobody and a model membrane integral protein transporter. To this end, the nanobody was fluorescently labelled using fluorescein isothiocyanate. A simple two-step protocol for producing labelled nanobody stocks devoid of interfering free dye is presented. FIDA experiments entailing sequential addition of the micellarised transporter protein to the labelled nanobody in detergent-containing buffer revealed single digit nanomolar binding consistent with binding constants obtained previously by surface plasmon resonance analysis.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, D09 V209, Ireland. kiefer.ramberg@dcu.ie.",
    "School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland. matin.caffrey@tcd.ie.",
    "Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK.",
    "Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, UK."
  ],
  "article_type": "brief report",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kiefer O Ramberg",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3991-4809"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Monika Olejnik"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Saúl Gallego-Martínez",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9769-179X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Andrew Quigley"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Martin Caffrey"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kak1jxpc5vp5.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6an01036a",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13725375",
  "id": "4kak1jxpc5vp5",
  "issns": [
    "0003-2654",
    "1364-5528"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968699",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224346653",
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/an/article-pdf/doi/10.1039/D6AN01036A/14966636/d6an01036a.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13725375",
  "pmid": "42968699",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kak1jxpc5vp5.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42968699",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968699"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:23:47Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13725375",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6an01036a"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Characterization of membrane protein-nanobody complexation via flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA).",
  "title_text": "Characterization of membrane protein-nanobody complexation via flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA).",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:21:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kak1jxpc5vp5",
  "venue": "The Analyst",
  "versions": []
}