{
  "abstract": "Street vegetation can play an important multifunctional role in increasing green spaces for more just, healthy and sustainable cities. However, there is still limited knowledge on how greenery exposure and seasonal conditions affect health and wellbeing during everyday active travel. This study integrates Virtual Reality, biosensors and visual semantic segmentation to test and compare different green infrastructure scenarios: only built, low greenery, high greenery and a winter condition. Using a between-subjects design, 138 participants were randomised to cycle in one of the four conditions, while gathering data on various physiological (skin conductance, blink rate, pupil diameter) and psychological outcomes (self-reported pre and post measures of restoration, affective states, subjective vitality). The results provide important empirical evidence that street greenery can decrease negative emotions and provide momentary stress reduction even under rapid exposure during a cycling commute. The findings also demonstrate high reactivity to natural elements in virtual environments.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64499-4.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Digital Geography Lab, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Silviya Korpilo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6399-4239"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Omkaranathan Ravindran"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jussi Torkko"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Elias Willberg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sini Ruohomäki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Elina Numminen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ashish Shete"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ann Ojala"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Tuuli Toivonen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kctmqj2qbqyz.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-64499-4",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13713577/",
  "id": "4kctmqj2qbqyz",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64499-4",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2307|Urban Green Space and Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171735191",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-64499-4_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13713577",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kctmqj2qbqyz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:24:06Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13713577",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64499-4"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2307|Urban Green Space and Health",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of street greenery and seasonality on health and wellbeing of cyclists: a Virtual Reality experiment",
  "title_text": "Effects of street greenery and seasonality on health and wellbeing of cyclists: a Virtual Reality experiment",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:13Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4kctmqj2qbqyz",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}