{
  "abstract": "Sleep disorders are associated with cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline worldwide, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic strategies. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard diagnostic tool for sleep disorders. However, long examination times, high costs, specialized biosignal equipment and controlled settings requirements hinder large-scale data collection. As artificial intelligence applications in sleep research expand, structural heterogeneity in PSG data across institutions complicates multi-center integration, increases preprocessing burden, and limits reproducible large-scale algorithm validation. We investigated biosignals, sleep parameters, and demographic features from eight publicly available PSG datasets. A set of schemas for PSG harmonization is proposed to formalize unified structural specifications aligned with established clinical guidelines. These schemas systematically integrate heterogeneous biosignals, derived sleep parameters, and demographic features to achieve consistent attribute selection and uniform preprocessing across datasets. When applied to construct an integrated dataset, the schemas demonstrated stable demographic and clinical distributions through repeated sampling. By addressing schema-level interoperability, the proposed framework facilitates consistent algorithm evaluation and comparison and provides a structured reference for reproducible, large-scale sleep research.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Department of Medical Science, Graduate School, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea",
    "Institute of Digital Healthcare, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yujin Han"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gayeon Ryu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yeongdon Kim"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hangsik Shin"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4mgz2k6s2vvfm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361116",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4mgz2k6s2vvfm",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361116",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Head/Face/Chin"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Brain mapping/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Neuroimaging/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Neurophysiology/Brain electrophysiology/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Electrophysiology/Neurophysiology/Brain electrophysiology/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Physiological processes/Sleep"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Head/Face/Chin"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Clinical medicine/Clinical neurophysiology/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Respiratory disorders/Apnea/Sleep apnea"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical conditions/Sleep disorders/Sleep apnea"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Neurology/Sleep disorders/Sleep apnea"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pulmonology/Respiratory disorders/Apnea/Sleep apnea"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Bioassays and physiological analysis/Electrophysiological techniques/Brain electrophysiology/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Bioassays and physiological analysis/Electrophysiological techniques/Cardiac electrophysiology/Electrocardiography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Bioassays and physiological analysis/Electrophysiological techniques/Muscle electrophysiology/Electromyography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Imaging techniques/Neuroimaging/Electroencephalography"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Research assessment/Reproducibility"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Science policy/Open science/Open data"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4mgz2k6s2vvfm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:20:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361116",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361116"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:anatomy",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Polysomnography harmonization schemes: A multi-institutional sleep research resource",
  "title_text": "Polysomnography harmonization schemes: A multi-institutional sleep research resource",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:20:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4mgz2k6s2vvfm",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}