{
  "abstract": "Background: Allergic asthma shows clear seasonal variation and is influenced by environmental factors. Internet search data provide a digital epidemiology tool for tracking asthma-related public attention at the population level.\n\nObjective: To examine seasonal patterns and lagged temporal associations between airborne pollen, air pollutants, and asthma-related public attention in Yan’an City.\n\nMethods: Airborne pollen monitoring data, meteorological parameters and concentrations of air pollutants were collected in the urban area of Yan’an City from March 1, 2023 to October 31, 2025. During the same period, Baidu Index data were retrieved for seven asthma-related search terms. Spearman correlation, Kruskal-Wallis H and cross-correlation function (CCF) analyses were used to assess temporal associations, group differences and lagged correlations. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were performed as sensitivity analyses to evaluate whether the observed associations remained after adjustment for meteorological variables and long-term temporal trends.\n\nResults: Baidu Index showed clear seasonal fluctuations. Weak-to-moderate positive temporal associations were observed between asthma-related public attention and concentrations of dominant pollen taxa, including Asteraceae (particularly Artemisia), Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae, as well as air pollutants such as NO2 and SO2. CCF analysis showed the highest correlation coefficients at lag periods of approximately 5 days for Artemisia pollen, 7 days for Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae, and 4-5 days for NO2 and SO2. These lag patterns should be interpreted as exploratory. After adjustment for meteorological variables and long-term temporal trends, the GAMs analysis showed that temporal associations between the three dominant pollen taxa and asthma-related public attention remained statistically significant. NO2 showed only a marginal association (P = 0.049), whereas SO2 was not statistically significant (P = 0.547).\n\nConclusion: This ecological time-series analysis suggests seasonal and lagged temporal co-variation between airborne pollen, air pollution, and asthma-related public attention in Yan’an City. Pollen-related associations were more consistent, whereas pollutant-related associations were less robust.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Yan’an Medical School of Yan’an University, Yan’an, China",
    "Department of Pediatrics, Yanan University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an, China",
    "Yan’an University Hospital, Yan’an, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoya Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9054-6706"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bo Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Lei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yujie Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wu Yan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuxuan Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yuanxia Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinwei He"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4nbj2xvqskwse.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1177/20552076261490735",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13728412/",
  "id": "4nbj2xvqskwse",
  "issns": [
    "2055-2076"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076261490735",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2723|Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213883879",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13728412",
  "pmid": "42978888",
  "published": "2026-09-21",
  "publisher": "SAGE Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4nbj2xvqskwse.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13728412",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076261490735"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2723|Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Exploring associations between airborne pollen, air pollutants, and asthma-related public attention in Yan’an city: A digital epidemiology study based on Baidu index",
  "title_text": "Exploring associations between airborne pollen, air pollutants, and asthma-related public attention in Yan’an city: A digital epidemiology study based on Baidu index",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:21:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4nbj2xvqskwse",
  "venue": "Digital Health",
  "versions": []
}