{
  "abstract": "Formamidine has been established as a versatile molecule in agriculture, organic solar cells, and as a ligand in organometallic catalysis. Despite, formamidine-based materials have remained largely unexplored due to challenges in achieving controlled polymerization. In this direction, we introduce a one-pot microwave-assisted diamine-orthoformate condensation strategy to synthesize formamidine-linked conjugated covalent organic frameworks (FOF-2 and FOF-3). Interestingly, the formamidine units of FOFs enable affinity towards urea, and that allowed us to use as metal-free electrocatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) in alkaline media. FOF-2 demonstrates an onset potential value of 1.47 V (vs RHE) and a lower overpotential. The ordered microporous conjugated backbone facilitates charge and mass transport in FOFs. These findings demonstrate that metal-free FOFs can serve as a platform for UOR and open new directions toward organic framework-based electrocatalysts for sustainable energy conversion.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Chemical Sciences",
    "National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar",
    "Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex",
    "Materials Chemistry and Interfacial Engineering Department",
    "Materials Technology",
    "Chair of Theoretical Chemistry",
    "Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany",
    "Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Om Prakash Swain"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tapan Ping"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Bidita Panda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Preeti Bhauriyal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Narayan Deep Singh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "B. L. Bhargava"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Heine",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2379-6251"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Bikash K. Jena"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Bishnu P. Biswal",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8565-4550"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4r3sa8msrt2tz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15002499/v2",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4r3sa8msrt2tz",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15002499/v2",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Covalent Organic Framework Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221537708",
  "pdf_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15002499/v2",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-11",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4r3sa8msrt2tz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:22Z",
      "native_id": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15002499",
      "source": "chemrxiv",
      "url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15002499/v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Covalent Organic Framework Applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Formamidine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks",
  "title_text": "Formamidine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4r3sa8msrt2tz",
  "venue": "ChemRxiv",
  "versions": []
}