{
  "abstract": "We investigate the latitude-time relationship between the solar green-line corona and sunspot activity during Solar Cycles 18-24 using homogeneous coronal observations and a Gaussian representation of sunspot activity fields. The activity-field model is constructed from individual sunspot areas and latitudes in order to describe the large-scale spatial organization of solar magnetic activity more realistically than traditional sunspot number or sunspot area indices. The analysis reveals a stable double-peaked latitude-dependent correlation structure centered on the active-region belts, where the strongest corona-sunspot correlations are observed. The latitude profiles remain remarkably similar from cycle to cycle, indicating that the large-scale relationship between coronal emission and photospheric activity is largely independent of cycle amplitude and parity. The lag-correlation profiles exhibit broad positive lag plateaus in most cycles. Although formal lag-correlation maxima occur at positive lags, surrogate-data tests indicate that these maxima are generally not statistically distinguishable from neighboring lag values. The results therefore suggest temporal persistence and memory of large-scale coronal magnetic structures rather than a precisely defined physical delay. The Gaussian activity-field representation produces substantially stronger and more coherent correlations with the green-line corona than conventional sunspot measures, supporting the interpretation that the large-scale distribution of magnetic activity, rather than individual sunspots alone, governs the evolution of the large-scale corona.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Journal reference: Solar Physics, 301:139, 2026",
  "arxiv": "2609.12644",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jouni J. Takalo"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4rfnvq8xhwzka.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.12644",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4rfnvq8xhwzka",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12644",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.12644",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-11",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4rfnvq8xhwzka.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:07Z",
      "native_id": "2609.12644",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12644"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Large-Scale Latitude-time Relationships Between the Green-Line Corona and Sunspot Activity During Solar Cycles 18-24",
  "title_text": "Large-Scale Latitude-time Relationships Between the Green-Line Corona and Sunspot Activity During Solar Cycles 18-24",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:07Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4rfnvq8xhwzka",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.1007/s11207-026-02729-8",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}