{
  "abstract": "This study investigated the influence of initial dry density to the permeability reduction effect and process for the EICP-treated silty sand. The variation of saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K sat ) and induced CaCO 3 ( C CaCO 3 ) under different initial dry density was used to reflect the treatment effect variation. The relationship between the above two parameters was also investigated under different initial dry density. The pore characteristic, which was reflected by area distribution, size distribution and orientation distribution, was used to give some guidance to analysis the permeability reduction mechanism by EICP technology under different dry density. Some meaningful findings could be obtained through the series of experiments. Firstly, the value of K sat after the treatment would have a decrease and then increase trend with the increase of dry density. The value of C CaCO 3 would both have an increase and then decrease trend. The extremum value of K sat and C CaCO 3 would both merge in the dry density of 1.55 g/cm 3 . Secondly, the quantified analysis for SEM result indicated that the total pore area would have a near linear decrease trend with dry density both before and after the treatment. And the decrease of macropore would be the main reason for decrease of total pore area. Thirdly, a generalized mechanism for permeability reduction influenced by dry density was proposed. The generalized variation mechanism could be described by three aspects, including seepage characteristic, process of CaCO 3 attachment and pore orientation distribution variation. We analyzed the process of permeability reduction based on seepage characteristics and focused on the influence of dry density factors on soil permeability changes in EICP treatment, which is crucial for the application of soil treatment.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China",
    "Corresponding author."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lei Shi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Huan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiaming Fang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiangchun Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianwei Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4s853c36qhhdq.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.bgtech.2025.100196",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929125000361",
  "id": "4s853c36qhhdq",
  "issns": [
    "2949-9291"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2025.100196",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QE1-996.5"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "QH301-705.5"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2305|Microbial Applications in Construction Materials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4412529421",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4s853c36qhhdq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:47:24Z",
      "native_id": "ec27b0984adc46c3af9ced5b31953209",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2025.100196"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2305|Microbial Applications in Construction Materials",
      "subfield": "environmental-science"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Experimental study on permeability characteristic evolution for modified silty sand by EICP technology considering influence of dry density",
  "title_text": "Experimental study on permeability characteristic evolution for modified silty sand by EICP technology considering influence of dry density",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:47:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4s853c36qhhdq",
  "venue": "Biogeotechnics",
  "versions": []
}