{
  "abstract": "Quantum simulations based on first-quantized approaches can offer lower space and gate complexities than second-quantized approaches. The gate requirements for these simulations can be further reduced by employing pseudopotentials, a technique widely used in classical quantum chemistry calculations to decrease the number of simulated electrons. However, implementing pseudopotentials in quantum circuits remains challenging due to their non-local nature. In this study, we proposed a method to efficiently implement non-local potentials using matrix product state (MPS) encoding. MPS encoding allows us to efficiently implement a Trotter step operator with a circuit depth of $O(\\mathrm{deg}(V_{\\mathrm{loc}}) n^{\\mathrm{deg}(V_{\\mathrm{loc}})} + 8Lnn_{\\mathrm{atom}}χ^2 + 2n^2)$, where $\\mathrm{deg}(V_{\\mathrm{loc}})$ is the degree of the polynomial local potential, $n_{\\mathrm{atom}}$ is the number of atoms in the system, $L$ is the maximum number of projector functions across all atoms, and $n$ is the number of qubits used to represent the binary-encoded wave function in one-dimensional space. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach by applying it to a model of the ionization of a one-dimensional hydrogen atom driven by an ultrashort laser pulse. Our results showed that MPS encoding significantly reduces the required circuit depth compared to a direct unitary decomposition, providing a pathway for practical first-quantized simulations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.00521",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Kazuki Tsuoka"
    },
    {
      "name": "Taichi Kosugi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Masari Watanabe"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hirofumi Nishi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yu-ichiro Matsushita"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4smqtyyk5dz6t.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.00521",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4smqtyyk5dz6t",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00521",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7216442099",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.00521",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4smqtyyk5dz6t.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:26:03Z",
      "native_id": "2610.00521",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.00521"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "First-quantized quantum simulation with non-local potentials by matrix-product-state encoding",
  "title_text": "First-quantized quantum simulation with non-local potentials by matrix-product-state encoding",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:26:03Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4smqtyyk5dz6t",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}