{
  "abstract": "Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has been associated with a reduced incidence of various cancers. Yet, its potential impact on melanoma, the most lethal form of skin cancer, remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore associations between MBS and melanoma risk. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane for studies that compared MBS to non-MBS patients and reported the incidence of melanoma in both groups up to December 2025. The primary outcome was the risk of developing melanoma. A restricted maximum likelihood random-effects model was used to calculate risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Ten studies were included, encompassing 2,310,128 patients, of whom 445,947 (19.3%) underwent MBS. The overall incidence of melanoma was 0.11% in the MBS group (516 / 445,947) and 0.24% (4,498 / 1,864,181) in the control group. Slightly lower melanoma risk was observed in the MBS group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (risk ratio 0.78; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.16; p = 0.222; I² = 85%). By synthesizing the largest body of evidence to date and focusing on melanoma as the primary outcome, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of the association. Considering the rarity of the outcome, the substantial heterogeneity, and the very low certainty of evidence from observational studies, further large-scale studies are warranted to better define the association between MBS and melanoma risk.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil",
    "Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde, Recife, Brazil",
    "Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru",
    "Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil",
    "University of Florida, Gainesville, United States"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Túlio Pimentel",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-1913-9465"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maria Clara Florêncio",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-9152-5941"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mariano Gallo Ruelas",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1484-4581"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Luiz Alberto Mattos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Anna Carolina Batista Dantas",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9505-6784"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Tyler J. Loftus",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5354-443X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Álvaro Antônio Bandeira Ferraz",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3832-3927"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4stbgtfmgg7y9.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13714068/",
  "id": "4stbgtfmgg7y9",
  "issns": [
    "0960-8923",
    "1708-0428"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214340196",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13714068",
  "pmid": "42789200",
  "published": "2026-09-25",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4stbgtfmgg7y9.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:21:38Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13714068",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-026-08924-7"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Association Between Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and Melanoma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies",
  "title_text": "Association Between Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and Melanoma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:21:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4stbgtfmgg7y9",
  "venue": "Obesity Surgery",
  "versions": []
}