{
  "abstract": "About 18 years ago, the BABAR and the Belle Collaborations reported evidence for a new $$c\\bar{c}$$ c c ¯ structure near $$3900~\\textrm{MeV}$$ 3900 MeV in $$e^{+}e^{-} \\rightarrow D\\bar{D}$$ e + e - → D D ¯ , triggering debate over whether it represents a genuine hadronic state or arises from interference effects and the opening of the $$D^{*}\\bar{D}$$ D ∗ D ¯ threshold. The issue remained unsettled until 2024, when BESIII, with an enlarged $$e^{+}e^{-} \\rightarrow D\\bar{D}$$ e + e - → D D ¯ sample, confirmed the presence of the G (3900) structure, reviving discussion of its nature. Although it has been proposed as a P -wave $$D\\bar{D}^{*}$$ D D ¯ ∗ molecular state, no consensus has emerged, and interference effects remain a plausible explanation. In this Letter, we show that analyzing the $$e^{+}e^{-}\\rightarrow D\\bar{D}$$ e + e - → D D ¯ cross section as a function of the transverse momentum of the final-state D meson reveals a prominent Jacobian peak. This feature cannot be generated by interference effects alone and thus provides direct evidence for the existence of G (3900). Moreover, the peak position is highly sensitive to the actual mass of G (3900), offering a precise determination method. The criterion illustrated by G (3900) can be extended to other hadronic systems, offering a powerful tool to identify genuine resonances.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Southwest Jiaotong University",
    "Chinese Academy of Sciences",
    "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yin Huang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1093-431X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xurong Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8288-3983"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4tcs82y46p8sb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "4tcs82y46p8sb",
  "issns": [
    "1434-6044",
    "1434-6052"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4414590809",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4tcs82y46p8sb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:04Z",
      "native_id": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "openalex:3106|Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Criterion for the existence of the G(3900) resonance",
  "title_text": "Criterion for the existence of the G(3900) resonance",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:04Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4tcs82y46p8sb",
  "venue": "The European Physical Journal C",
  "versions": []
}