{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) encompasses various diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs) in children. We aimed to assess the current status and temporal changes of chILD in Türkiye using updated data from the chILD-Türkiye (chILD-TR) registry.\n\nMethod: By May 2025, all patients registered in the chILD-TR were included in the study. Patients with missing data were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups: disorders primarily appearing in infancy (DPLD-A) and disorders that can occur at any age (DPLD-B). Clinical and demographic data were compared between the groups.\n\nResults: 711 patients (44.7% female) were included. The registry-based prevalence estimate of chILD in Türkiye was approximately 30–35 cases per million children. The current age was 135 (16-383) months. The time from first symptoms to admission was 3 (0–217) months. Age at diagnosis was 59 (11-273) months. Common symptoms were cough (59.5%) and dyspnoea (35.4%). 136 patients (19.1%) required oxygen. 25 patients (3.5%) died. Among patients, 126 (17.7%) had DPLD-A, 549 (77.2%) had DPLD-B and 36 (5.1%) had uncategorised disorders. The DPLD-A group was younger and had earlier symptom onset and older diagnosis age (p<0.05). Growth z-scores were lower in the DPLD-A group (p<0.05). Parental consanguinity and mechanical ventilation use were higher in the DPLD-A group (p<0.05). No differences in spirometry and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide were found between DPLD-A and DPLD-B (p>0.05). Chest CT features varied: rates of ground-glass opacity and pectus excavatum were higher in the DPLD-A group, whereas nodules, peribronchial thickening, mosaic perfusion and bronchiectasis were more predominant in the DPLD-B group (p<0.05).\n\nConclusion: This study shows that children with DPLD-A are diagnosed later despite earlier symptoms and growth issues, revealing a recognition gap and highlighting the need for early genetic screening and support. In DPLD-B, airway findings emphasise the need for long-term monitoring. These insights support phenotype-based diagnosis and treatment to improve outcomes in children with chILD.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Türkiye",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Radiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Cengiz Gökçek Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Mardin, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Behçet Uz Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey",
    "Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mersin City Hospital, Mersin, Turkey",
    "Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 63,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Handan Kekeç",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8770-0939"
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        0
      ],
      "name": "Ayse Tana Aslan"
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        0
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      "name": "Tugba Sismanlar Eyuboglu"
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        0
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      "name": "Tuğçe Ünlü"
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        1,
        2
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      "name": "Sinem Can Oksay"
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        1,
        2
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      "name": "Yasemin Mocan Çağlar"
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        2
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      "name": "Özge Ülgen"
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      "name": "Fatih Ercan"
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      "name": "Esin Gizem Olgun"
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      "name": "Fazılcan Zirek"
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      "name": "Suat Fitöz"
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      "name": "Meltem Kürtül Çakar"
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      "name": "Sanem Eryilmaz Polat"
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      "name": "Dilber Ademhan Tural"
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      "name": "Ayşen Bingöl"
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    {
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        10
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      "name": "Abdurrahman Erdem Başaran"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Betül Bankoğlu Parlak"
    },
    {
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        11
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      "name": "Ela Erdem Eralp"
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    {
      "affs": [
        11
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      "name": "Bulent Karadag"
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    {
      "affs": [
        11
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      "name": "Pınar Ergenekon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
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      "name": "Mehmet Köse"
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    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Ali Ersoy"
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    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Melih Hangül"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Pelin Asfuroğlu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Erkan Cakir"
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    {
      "affs": [
        15
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      "name": "Hakan Yazan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16
      ],
      "name": "Beste Ozesen"
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    {
      "affs": [
        17
      ],
      "name": "Erdem Gönüllü"
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    {
      "affs": [
        17
      ],
      "name": "Zeynep Seda Uyan"
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    {
      "affs": [
        18
      ],
      "name": "Ece Ocak"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        19
      ],
      "name": "Aslı İmran Yılmaz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        20
      ],
      "name": "Cansu Yılmaz Yegit"
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    {
      "affs": [
        21
      ],
      "name": "Halime Nayır Büyükşahin",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6909-7993"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        22
      ],
      "name": "Gökçen Kartal Öztürk"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        23
      ],
      "name": "Mahir Serbes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        24
      ],
      "name": "Tugba Ramasli Gursoy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-7585"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        25
      ],
      "name": "Mina Gharibzadeh Hizal"
    },
    {
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        15
      ],
      "name": "Gözde Cavıldak Karaaslan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        26
      ],
      "name": "Gizem Özcan"
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    {
      "affs": [
        27
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      "name": "Ali Özdemir"
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    {
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        3
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      "name": "Sevgi Pekcan"
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    {
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        4
      ],
      "name": "Ayşe Ayzıt Kılınç Sakallı"
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    {
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        11
      ],
      "name": "Yasemin Gökdemir"
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      "name": "Güzin Cinel"
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      "name": "Nazan Cobanoglu"
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      "name": "Saniye Girit"
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      "name": "Nagehan Emiralioğlu"
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        5
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      "name": "Ebru Yalcin"
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        28
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      "name": "Berna Oğuz"
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4v5cc29cb99d2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1136/bmjresp-2026-004626",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735306/",
  "id": "4v5cc29cb99d2",
  "issns": [
    "2052-4439"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2026-004626",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "1506"
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    [
      "heading",
      "2220"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Interstitial Lung Disease"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis"
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  "pdf_url": "https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/13/1/e004626.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13735306",
  "pmid": "42971729",
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "BMJ Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4v5cc29cb99d2.ris",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2026-004626"
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  "subjects": [
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      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis",
      "subfield": "general"
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  ],
  "title": "Current status of childhood interstitial lung disease in Turkiye: 5-year data from ChILD-TR",
  "title_text": "Current status of childhood interstitial lung disease in Turkiye: 5-year data from ChILD-TR",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4v5cc29cb99d2",
  "venue": "BMJ Open Respiratory Research",
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