{
  "abstract": "Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is more severe in obese individuals than in lean individuals. Here, we investigated the contribution of adipose tissue to the severity of CL in 39 obese and 43 lean patients with CL, along with 8 healthy subjects. Skin and subcutaneous biopsies were evaluated by histopathology and cytokine/adipokine analysis. Obese patients showed a lower response rate to antimony therapy (41% vs 70.4%) and longer healing times (P < .05). Histopathological analysis revealed denser dermal and subcutaneous inflammatory infiltrates in obese patients, which were predominantly composed of macrophages and lymphocytes, associated with high adipose tissue production of CCL-2. Obese patients exhibited increased dermal expression of TNF, IL-1β, IL-17, and granzyme B, all markers associated with disease severity. Leptin levels correlated positively with these inflammatory mediators, and leptin neutralization reduced their production. Leishmania infection also altered adipokine profiles: adiponectin levels were 10.5-fold higher in lean patients with CL than in lean healthy subjects, while leptin levels were 3.1-fold higher in obese patients with CL than in obese healthy subjects (P < .05). These findings indicate that in Leishmania braziliensis infection, adipocytes and dermal cells drive inflammatory cell infiltration into both subcutaneous and dermal compartments, accompanied by marked adipokine and cytokine production that amplifies tissue pathology.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil",
    "Laboratory of Clinical Research, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Fiocruz, Salvador, Brazil",
    "Immunology Service, Hospital Prof. Edgard Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil",
    "Advanced Public Health Laboratory, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Fiocruz, Salvador, Brazil",
    "Universidade Estadual da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kelly Morais Lima Nassri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Augusto M. Carvalho"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Tainã S. Lago"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maurício T. Nascimento"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Carla Silva Dias"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jamile S. Lago"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Paulo R.L. Machado"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alexsandro S. Lago"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Andréa Santos Magalhães"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Sérgio Marcos Arruda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lucas P. Carvalho"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Edgar M. Carvalho"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x06xgv9hnbjk.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.xjidi.2026.100543",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13742456/",
  "id": "4x06xgv9hnbjk",
  "issns": [
    "2667-0267"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjidi.2026.100543",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Research on Leishmaniasis Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214183616",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.jidinnovations.org/article/S2667-0267(26)00098-6/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13742456",
  "pmid": "42997811",
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x06xgv9hnbjk.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T12:23:17Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13742456",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjidi.2026.100543"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Research on Leishmaniasis Studies",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Leishmania braziliensis infection enhances adipokine and cytokine production and severity of cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients with obesity",
  "title_text": "Leishmania braziliensis infection enhances adipokine and cytokine production and severity of cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients with obesity",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T12:23:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x06xgv9hnbjk",
  "venue": "JID Innovations",
  "versions": []
}