{
  "abstract": "Purpose\n\nStudies using animal models of laser-induced photothermal skin injury often report nominal rather than delivered laser output and assess lesions primarily shortly after exposure. A grading system that relates visible lesions to tissue damage throughout repair is also lacking. This study established a model in three rodent species using a characterized 808-nm laser and developed a five-grade scale for longitudinal assessment.Patients and methods\n\nAn in-house 808-nm continuous-wave diode laser was characterized by its emission spectrum, beam profile, power linearity across 2-10-W settings, and output stability over 180-s exposures. Female Hartley guinea pigs (n = 4), Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 4), and BALB/c mice (n = 20) were irradiated at a 7-W setting for 180s. Lesions were photographed from 1 h after irradiation to day 28, with histological assessment on days 2, 7, 14, and 28. Three observers independently graded 60 images per species.Results\n\nDelivered power increased linearly across settings (R² = 0.9997). At the 7-W setting, delivered power was 4.63 W, with within-run instability below 0.4%. Gross injury peaked on days 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4 in guinea pigs, rats, and mice, respectively. Lesions in all three species had re-epithelialized by day 28. At 1 h, the proportions of sites with Grade 2 or 3 injury were 58.3%, 75.0%, and 85.0%, respectively. Higher grades corresponded to deeper histological injury. Kendall's W was 0.81-0.90 (all nominal P < 0.001), and mean weighted κ was 0.42-0.49.Conclusion\n\nThis study established a photothermal skin injury model in three rodent species using an 808-nm laser with measured, stable output. The preliminary five-grade scale relates gross appearance to histological injury depth and can support longitudinal assessment of injury and repair.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Shenzhen School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.",
    "The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.",
    "School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.",
    "Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.",
    "School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yulu Ning",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-7013-6379"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yiting Guo",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-4742-2611"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Lakshya Jain",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-7436-4677"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Evan Noel Dympep",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-7639-0139"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Nurhun Baka",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-3084-7770"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Lan Zhang",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-9101-3594"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Qi Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-5214-150X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Wenyong Tan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2706-4149"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x78p3kzjan5f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/ccid.s646914",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13725850",
  "id": "4x78p3kzjan5f",
  "issns": [
    "1178-7015"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974052",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2731|Ocular and Laser Science Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224136879",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13725850?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13725850",
  "pmid": "42974052",
  "published": "2026-10-28",
  "publisher": "Dove Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x78p3kzjan5f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:48Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42974052",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974052"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T12:22:18Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13725850",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s646914"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2731|Ocular and Laser Science Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Development of a Near-Infrared Laser Device to Establish a Preliminary Grading Scale for Photothermal Skin Injury in Rodents.",
  "title_text": "Development of a Near-Infrared Laser Device to Establish a Preliminary Grading Scale for Photothermal Skin Injury in Rodents.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:21:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4x78p3kzjan5f",
  "venue": "Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology",
  "versions": []
}