{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: Exercise training has been associated with metabolic improvements in bariatric patients beyond weight and fat loss, potentially involving modulation of the gut microbiota. We investigated whether exercise-related microbial changes are associated with metabolic adaptations in women undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by combining a randomized controlled exercise intervention trial in women post-surgery with a human-to-mouse fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment.\n\nSubjects/Methods: Thirty-two women were randomized to RYGB (n = 16) or RYGB plus a 6-month exercise training program initiated three months post-surgery (RYGB + ET; n = 16), while a lean control group (LEAN; n = 16) was evaluated at baseline. Blood and fecal samples were collected before surgery, and at 3 (POST3) and 9 (POST9) months following surgery for biochemical, inflammatory, and microbiota analyses.\n\nResults: Both surgical groups showed comparable improvements in body composition and inflammation; however, RYGB + ET was associated with greater improvements in HDL, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin. Exercise was also associated with increased gut microbiota α-diversity and shifts in microbial composition, including enrichment of genera previously linked to short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism and host metabolic health. To explore the potential contribution of these microbial communities, fecal microbiota collected at POST9 were transplanted into 36 high-fat diet-fed female mice, generating recipient groups rRYGB, rRYGB+ET, and rLEAN. Mice receiving RYGB + ET microbiota displayed similar inflammatory status and glucose tolerance, but lower fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, along with partial preservation of intestinal morphology, compared with mice receiving RYGB microbiota.\n\nConclusions: These findings suggest that exercise following bariatric surgery is associated with distinct gut microbial configurations and metabolic improvements, and that exercise-conditioned microbiota may contribute to aspects of host metabolic regulation after surgery.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group – School of Physical Education and Sport and School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil",
    "Center of Lifestyle Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil",
    "Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology; Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil",
    "School of Physical Education, Faculty IELUSC, Joinville, SC Brazil",
    "Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Aplicadas, Limeira, SP Brazil",
    "Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy",
    "Gastroenterology Department, Digestive Surgery Division, Faculdade de Medicina - FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil",
    "Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR USA",
    "Laboratory of Nutritional & Exercise Biology, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 21,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0,
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Alisson Padilha de Lima",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6062-446X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Juliana Bueno de Novais"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Matteo Calgaro"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Carlos Merege-Filho"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Diego Nunes Rezende"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Marina Alvarenga Romero",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-3280-0792"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Heloisa Castanheira Santo André"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Igor Baptista"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ana Lúcia de Sá Pinto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Roberto de Cleva"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Marco Aurélio Santo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Wagner Silva Dantas"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Saulo Gil",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9050-0073"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Maria Rita Camargo Rodrigues",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1421-0167"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Guilherme Gianini Artioli"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Nicola Vitulo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hamilton Roschel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Bruno Gualano",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7100-8681"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Fabiana Braga Benatti",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8320-7044"
    }
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4z6d7h0yc3vz9.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41366-026-02121-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13722583/",
  "id": "4z6d7h0yc3vz9",
  "issns": [
    "0307-0565",
    "1476-5497"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02121-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
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      "1312|Gut microbiota and health"
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-026-02121-3.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13722583",
  "pmid": "42243519",
  "published": "2026-06-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4z6d7h0yc3vz9.ris",
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:21:22Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02121-3"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Gut microbiota and health",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
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  ],
  "title": "Exercise reprograms the gut microbiota to enhance metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery: a translational, cross-species study",
  "title_text": "Exercise reprograms the gut microbiota to enhance metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery: a translational, cross-species study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:21:22Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4z6d7h0yc3vz9",
  "venue": "International Journal of Obesity (2005)",
  "versions": []
}