{
  "abstract": "Aims: This study aimed to characterize real-world treatment patterns among patients in the United States with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) eligible for pembrolizumab treatment, including patients eligible for Medicare (aged ≥65 years).\n\nMaterials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed treatment utilization among patients with TNBC using two United States (US)-based electronic health record (EHR) databases (Flatiron Health Research Database and N-Power Medicine’s Breast Analytical Dataset). Patients were stratified by Medicare insurance status or age ≥65 years. Treatment uptake was analyzed in cohorts of patients with a metastatic diagnosis on or after 1 January 2021, and defined by FDA-approved pembrolizumab indications in TNBC.\n\nResults: Overall, 133 patients with metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) and 392 patients with early-stage TNBC (esTNBC) were included; 33.9–39.1% were Medicare-eligible. Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) inhibitors were the most used therapy class across all Medicare-eligible cohorts with TNBC (79.0–85.0%). Use of pembrolizumab-containing regimens was observed across TNBC cohorts (77.0–85.0%). Treatment patterns in Medicare-eligible patients were consistent with the overall population.\n\nConclusions: This real-world analysis demonstrates high uptake of PD-(L)1 inhibitors, including pembrolizumab, among Medicare-eligible patients with TNBC. These findings provide real-world insights into how regulatory approvals in TNBC have shaped clinical practice in the US.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Value & Implementation Outcomes Research Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA",
    "BARDS RWE Capabilities and Analytics, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA",
    "Global Clinical Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaohan Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Amin Haiderali",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6858-1564"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yezhou Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Wilbur Pan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4zmbsbafn1ghs.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1080/1750743x.2026.2742727",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13699829/",
  "id": "4zmbsbafn1ghs",
  "issns": [
    "1750-743X",
    "1750-7448"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1750743x.2026.2742727",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220382121",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1750743X.2026.2742727?needAccess=true",
  "pmcid": "PMC13699829",
  "pmid": "42830574",
  "published": "2026-10-04",
  "publisher": "Taylor & Francis",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4zmbsbafn1ghs.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:22Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13699829",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1750743x.2026.2742727"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Real-world utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors in medicare-eligible patients with triple-negative breast cancer in the United States",
  "title_text": "Real-world utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors in medicare-eligible patients with triple-negative breast cancer in the United States",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:36:20Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/4zmbsbafn1ghs",
  "venue": "Immunotherapy",
  "versions": []
}