{
  "abstract": "Background: Inhaled therapy is the cornerstone of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma treatment, but incorrect inhaler handling (up to 90%) has not improved over the past 40 years. We aimed to assess real-life inhaler device handling in COPD and asthma and its association with the pathology control after pharmacist-led intervention.\n\nMethods: A multicentre, longitudinal, observational study was conducted involving children and adults with asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Inhalation errors were assessed across several consecutive visits to the pharmacy using a standardised protocol. Disease control was evaluated through the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the Asthma Control Test for adults (ACT) and children aged 4–11 (C-ACT). Descriptive, inferential and multiple linear regression analysis were applied.\n\nResults: 2,472 patients were included (1056 COPD, 865 Asthma adults, 83 Asthma kids and 117 ACO) across 104 community pharmacies in 89 cities throughout Spain. Mean handling errors decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from the first visit onwards: in COPD [2.64 to 1.11]; asthma adults [2.32 to 0.67]; asthma kids [2.34 to 0.60]; and ACO [2.91 to 1.86]. Parallel improvements in disease control were observed: COPD CAT (16.04 to 11.67) (p < 0.001), asthma adults progressed from uncontrolled to controlled status (ACT 17.28 to 21.92). Children achieved well-controlled asthma (C-ACT from 18.50 to 23.33). Linear regression analysis found associated the visit number, inhaler device and age to be significant predictors of the inhaler handling errors and pathology control.\n\nConclusions: Inhaler errors clearly decreased after pharmacist-led intervention, with parallel improvements in disease control of all respiratory conditions studied.\n\nKey messages: • For the first time, real-world evidence clearly shows that pharmacist-led education reduces inhaler technique errors in patients with COPD and asthma, in both adults and children.\n\n• These findings suggest that integrating pharmacist-led educational programs into national health strategies can significantly mitigate the clinical and economic burden of chronic respiratory diseases.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "abstract",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "J A Cordero"
    },
    {
      "name": "M A Via"
    },
    {
      "name": "V Alcaraz"
    },
    {
      "name": "C Lucas"
    },
    {
      "name": "J Vilaró"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5235s0b8yx55x.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1106",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698998/",
  "id": "5235s0b8yx55x",
  "issns": [
    "1101-1262",
    "1464-360X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1106",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "6. Poster Displays"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/MED00860"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC01210"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "AcademicSubjects/SOC02610"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "DB. Chronic diseases, multimorbidity and non-communicable diseases"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3004|Pharmacy and Medical Practices"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223657272",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13698998/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13698998",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5235s0b8yx55x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13698998",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1106"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13698998",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13698998"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3004|Pharmacy and Medical Practices",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Real-world data on inhalation technique lead by community pharmacies of Spain",
  "title_text": "Real-world data on inhalation technique lead by community pharmacies of Spain",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:35:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5235s0b8yx55x",
  "venue": "The European Journal of Public Health",
  "versions": []
}