{
  "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by heterogeneous immune activation extending beyond clinically apparent lesions. Interleukin-19 (IL-19) has been implicated in cytokine-responsive keratinocyte activation, whereas interleukin-37 (IL-37) has endogenous anti-inflammatory functions. Their superficial epidermal expression patterns in lesional and clinically non-lesional AD skin have not been extensively characterized within the same cohort. To compare IL19 and IL37 mRNA expression in lesional and clinically non-lesional, lesion-adjacent AD skin with healthy control skin and to explore associations between transcript abundance and clinical characteristics. In this exploratory cross-sectional study, tape strip samples were collected from lesional and clinically non-lesional skin of 32 patients with AD and from corresponding skin of 35 healthy controls. IL19 expression did not differ significantly among healthy control, lesional, and clinically non-lesional AD skin in the overall cohort. In contrast, IL37 transcript abundance was significantly higher in lesional AD skin than in healthy control skin (p = 0.0002) and was also increased in clinically non-lesional skin (p = 0.0387). In severity-stratified analyses, lesional IL37 expression was increased in both moderate and severe-to-very severe AD, whereas lower lesional IL19 expression relative to healthy control skin was observed in severe-to-very severe AD (p = 0.0412). Lesional IL19 expression showed an inverse association with EASI severity category (p = 0.045), while lesional IL37 expression was positively associated with sleep-disturbance scores (p = 0.0203). The two transcripts showed distinct expression patterns in this cohort. Increased IL37 mRNA was compatible with, but did not establish, a compensatory response extending into lesion-adjacent clinically non-lesional skin. Overall IL19 upregulation was not detected, and lower lesional expression was observed in severe-to-very severe AD. However, these exploratory observations do not establish cytokine function or validate either transcript as a stand-alone biomarker.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland",
    "Department of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland",
    "Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anna Zaryczańska"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Krzysztof Sitko",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7842-7555"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Stefan Tukaj"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Magdalena Trzeciak",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8206-8441"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52wqgebmhbj4s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ijms27198741",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664781",
  "id": "52wqgebmhbj4s",
  "issns": [
    "1422-0067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/19/8741",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2708|Dermatology and Skin Diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214937519",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664781?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13664781",
  "pmid": "42883983",
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52wqgebmhbj4s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:55Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/ijms27198741",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/19/8741"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42883983",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883983"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2708|Dermatology and Skin Diseases",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Distinct Superficial Epidermal Expression Patterns of IL-19 and IL-37 in Atopic Dermatitis",
  "title_text": "Distinct Superficial Epidermal Expression Patterns of IL-19 and IL-37 in Atopic Dermatitis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52wqgebmhbj4s",
  "venue": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",
  "versions": []
}