{
  "abstract": "Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with heterogeneous clinical outcomes, ranging from persistent asymptomatic infection to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Aim: This study investigated phenotype-associated intracellular metabolic differences in isolated CD4+ T cells across these clinical groups. Methodology: The cross-sectional analytical cohort comprised 44 participants: 15 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers, 12 patients with HAM/TSP, 7 patients with ATLL, and 10 uninfected controls. CD4+ T cells were isolated from cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells by immunomagnetic negative selection. Intracellular metabolites were analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Analytical features were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis screening followed by Dunn’s post hoc testing with contrast-specific Benjamini-Hochberg false-discovery rate correction. Results: The largest curated differential feature set was observed between ATLL and asymptomatic carriers, comprising 348 putatively annotated MSI level 2 features, followed by HAM/TSP versus asymptomatic carriers with 190 features and ATLL versus uninfected controls with 163 features. Lipid-related features, particularly glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and oxidized glycerophospholipids, were prominently represented. A total of 155 features were shared between the ATLL-versus-asymptomatic-carrier and HAM/TSP-versus-asymptomatic-carrier comparisons, all with concordant directionality. Discussion: Intracellular CD4+ T-cell metabolomics revealed both shared metabolic alterations and phenotype-specific signatures associated with distinct clinical outcomes of HTLV-1 infection. The predominant metabolic changes involved lipid remodeling, particularly glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, suggesting a shared metabolic background across symptomatic HTLV-1 disease with superimposed mechanisms related to chronic inflammation in HAM/TSP and malignant transformation in ATLL. Conclusion: These findings indicate that intracellular CD4+ T-cell metabolomic profiling captures biological heterogeneity across the clinical spectrum of HTLV-1 infection and provides a framework for future biomarker discovery and mechanistic studies. Validation in larger cohorts and functional investigations will be necessary to confirm these observations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul (USCS), São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil",
    "University of Bristol, United Kingdom",
    "Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sheila De Oliveira Garcia MATEOS"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Marcos Eduardo Souza ABREU"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Felipe Custódio Carvalho DOS SANTOS"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rubens De Assis Santos SEBASTIÃO"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Guilherme Lucchesi D'angelo BRAZ"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sofia Luari Moelas GIUZIO"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fábio Eudes LEAL"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Luiza Amoroso LAMBAZ"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lara GALLUCCI"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Cadiele Oliana REICHERTV"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Luís Alberto de Pádua Covas LAGE"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Juliana PEREIRA"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hebert CULLER"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Youko NUKUI"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ester Cerdeira SABINO"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Iart Luca SHYTAJ"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Álex Aparecido Rosini SILVA"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52x8ndy2878m4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.htct.2026.106792",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137926005390",
  "id": "52x8ndy2878m4",
  "issns": [
    "2531-1379",
    "2531-1387"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2026.106792",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RC633-647.5"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2403|T-cell and Retrovirus Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223103013",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137926005390/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52x8ndy2878m4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:43:26Z",
      "native_id": "68da2e4329f54f5b931e3d3ac17624cf",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2026.106792"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2403|T-cell and Retrovirus Studies",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "INTRACELLULAR T-CELL METABOLOMICS REVEALS DISTINCT SIGNATURES ACROSS HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE 1 CLINICAL PHENOTYPES AND UNINFECTED CONTROLS",
  "title_text": "INTRACELLULAR T-CELL METABOLOMICS REVEALS DISTINCT SIGNATURES ACROSS HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE 1 CLINICAL PHENOTYPES AND UNINFECTED CONTROLS",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:43:26Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/52x8ndy2878m4",
  "venue": "Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy",
  "versions": []
}