{
  "abstract": "Background: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected health care provision for chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. However, its effects on type 2 diabetes incidence remain poorly understood, particularly how they differ between population groups, which has not yet been examined in a Swedish context. We aimed to investigate trends in type 2 diabetes incidence in Sweden from 2016 to 2022, and to explore whether potential changes in type 2 diabetes incidence associated with the COVID-19 pandemic varied by sex, age, or migration status.\n\nMethods: Quarterly incidence rates of new-onset type 2 diabetes were calculated from individual-level register data for a dynamic population consisting of all adults (age ≥ 18 years) in Sweden during 2016–2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2020–2022 (pandemic). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for each pandemic year were modelled in multivariable Poisson regression analysis using the pre-pandemic years as reference, adjusted for age, sex, migration status, season, and long-term annual trend. Stratified and interaction analyses were performed based on age, sex, and migration status.\n\nResults: Overall, the incidence of type 2 diabetes showed an increasing underlying linear trend of 3.6% (IRR 1.036, 95% CI 1.028, 1.045) between 2016 and 2022. During the pandemic (2020–2022), the overall type 2 diabetes incidence decreased by 6% relative to the underlying linear trend (IRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91, 0.97). The decrease was strongest in 2020 (IRR 0.90, 95% CI 0.87, 0.94) compared to 2021 (IRR 1.03, 95% CI 0.99, 1.06) and 2022 (IRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91, 0.99). The decline in type 2 diabetes incidence in 2020 was most pronounced among individuals 65 years and older and in the native-born Swedish population.\n\nConclusions: During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, a decline in incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed that varied in magnitude by sex, age, and migration status. This finding may reflect differential but transient changes in health-seeking behaviour during the initial phases of the pandemic. Our results underscore the challenges of maintaining continuous health care for non-communicable diseases during a major health crisis in society, highlighting the need to ensure equitable access for vulnerable groups such as older persons.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Josefine Andreasson",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-4166-0561"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dominik Dietler",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9629-125X"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jonas Björk",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1883-2000"
    },
    {
      "name": "Louise Bennet",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7101-1290"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/539339x1r4jxb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13715193/",
  "id": "539339x1r4jxb",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2458"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|COVID-19 and healthcare impacts"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223884814",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715193",
  "pmid": "42947117",
  "published": "2026-10-28",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/539339x1r4jxb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:54Z",
      "native_id": "10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:22:33Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13715193",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30127-z"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|COVID-19 and healthcare impacts",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Disparities in type 2 diabetes incidence trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden: a register-based population study",
  "title_text": "Disparities in type 2 diabetes incidence trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden: a register-based population study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:22:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/539339x1r4jxb",
  "venue": "BMC Public Health",
  "versions": []
}