{
  "abstract": "This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing molasses with monosodium glutamate (MSG)-condensed molasses solubles (CMS) in growing-finishing pig diets and determine the optimal replacement ratio. Experiment 1, a total of 100 crossbred growing-finishing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) (9 weeks of age; initial body weight 23.17 ± 3.51 kg) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments for 14 weeks, with four replicates per treatment and five pigs per replicate. The treatments consisted of: (1) PC (basal diet with 2% molasses), (2) NC (basal diet), (3) T1 (basal diet with 1.5% molasses + 0.5% MSG-CMS), (4) T2 (basal diet with 1% molasses + 1% MSG-CMS), and (5) T3 (basal diet with 2% MSG-CMS). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, fecal microbiota, and economic efficiency were assessed. Average daily gain in the T1 was higher (p < 0.05) than that in the T3. The average daily feed intake in the T3 was lower (p < 0.05) than that in the PC and T1 groups. In contrast, T1 and T2 had higher (p < 0.05) average daily feed intake than the NC. Economically, the T1 showed higher total weight gain and lower (p < 0.05) feed cost per kg gain than the PC and T3 during the growing phase. Experiment 2, a total of 5 crossbred growing-finishing pigs (11 weeks of age; initial body weight 36.84 ± 0.51 kg) were used in a 5-week metabolism trial based on a 5 × 5 Latin square design to investigate the effects of MSG-CMS on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention. The T1 had higher (p < 0.05) gross energy digestibility than the T3. Fecal nitrogen excretion was lower (p < 0.05) in the T1 than in the T2, while the T2 had higher (p < 0.05) total nitrogen excretion than the NC. In conclusion, molasses can be replaced with MSG-CMS without negative effects, with 25% replacement being the most effective for improving growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and economic efficiency in growing-finishing pigs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.",
    "NongHyup Feed Inc, Seoul, Korea.",
    "Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.",
    "Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.",
    "Central Research Institute, Woosung Feed Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Korea.",
    "Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinmo Yang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-4272-3441"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sooyoung Park",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-6777-8646"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jihwan Lee",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8161-4853"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Minho Song",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4515-5212"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Seyoen Chang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5238-2982"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dongcheol Song",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5704-603X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kyeongho Jeon",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2321-3319"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hyuck Kim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5280-0734"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jihong Jung",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-1646-3124"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Won Yun",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1835-2640"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Hyeun Bum Kim",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1366-6090"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinho Cho",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7151-0778"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/53rqxrbgw5pcb.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.5187/jast.2500177",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678318",
  "id": "53rqxrbgw5pcb",
  "issns": [
    "2055-0391"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898895",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4415363372",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678318?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13678318",
  "pmid": "42898895",
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/53rqxrbgw5pcb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42898895",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898895"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Identification of the optimal monosodium glutamate-condensed molasses solubles inclusion level replacing molasses in growing-finishing pigs.",
  "title_text": "Identification of the optimal monosodium glutamate-condensed molasses solubles inclusion level replacing molasses in growing-finishing pigs.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/53rqxrbgw5pcb",
  "venue": "Journal of animal science and technology",
  "versions": []
}