{
  "abstract": "Osteoporosis can occur when age-related ovarian dysfunction leads to estrogen deficiency. When bone mineral content decreases, fragile bones are susceptible to bone defects. This estrogen deficiency causes differentiation of mesenchymal cells to shift towards adipogenesis and reduced osteogenesis, which culminates in nonunion. With the potential to modulate cell differentiation, electrical stimulation is promising for osteoporosis defects complicated by an inflammatory environment. A sandwich-structured silk fibroin hydrogel (RSF) with three layers of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with many β-crystalline phases and MXene for electrical conductance was fabricated, generating voltages up to 500 mV to leverage the implanted bone grafts for a sustainable source of electrical stimulation. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that piezoelectric stimulation promoted osteogenesis and suppressed glycerophospholipid metabolism by upregulating lipid degradation–related genes. Specifically, Pla2g4a was critical to the hydrolysis of phospholipids, as shown by Sudan black B staining in rBMSCs. Finally, we created femoral defects in osteoporotic rats and implanted MXene/PVDF/RSF hydrogel to promote osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis, as shown by micro-CT and immunostaining. As a result, piezoelectric MXene/PVDF/RSF hydrogel effectively redirected bone-fat balance and overcame the inflammatory environment in osteoporotic bone defects, serving future clinical applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Orthopaedic Residency Program, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China",
    "The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of the Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China",
    "Division of Spine, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China",
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China",
    "Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China",
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China",
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Osteoporosis Specialized Prevention and Treatment Center, Xiamen, 361012, China",
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Corresponding author.",
    "Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China; Corresponding author.",
    "Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Corresponding author.180 Fenglin Road/1609 Xietu Road, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weisin Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shuyan Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Lei Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yukai Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Minhao Liang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xin Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ning Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Juan Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Haifeng Liang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Dihan Su"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Zenggan Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dong Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yulin Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Jian Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Yan Su"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Yutong Gu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Libo Jiang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/58fgfm2pghmqn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103770",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259000642601015X",
  "id": "58fgfm2pghmqn",
  "issns": [
    "2590-0064"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103770",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Full Length Article"
    ],
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      "lcc",
      "QH301-705.5"
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    [
      "lcc",
      "R5-920"
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    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Bone Tissue Engineering Materials"
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  "openalex": "W7223140284",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715406?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715406",
  "pmid": "42953339",
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/58fgfm2pghmqn.ris",
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:27Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103770"
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    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:41Z",
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      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953339"
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103770"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "lcc:QH301-705.5",
      "subfield": "general"
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    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:R5-920",
      "subfield": "general"
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  ],
  "title": "Sandwich-structured PVDF/protein piezoelectric hydrogel regulates osteogenesis and adipogenesis through glycerophospholipid metabolism in osteoporotic inflammatory bone defects",
  "title_text": "Sandwich-structured PVDF/protein piezoelectric hydrogel regulates osteogenesis and adipogenesis through glycerophospholipid metabolism in osteoporotic inflammatory bone defects",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:22:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/58fgfm2pghmqn",
  "venue": "Materials Today Bio",
  "versions": []
}