{
  "abstract": "Purpose of Review: People with sickle cell disease (SCD) may be uniquely vulnerable and susceptible to serious health exacerbations associated with outdoor air pollution exposure. In this scoping review, we summarize evidence about impacts of outdoor air pollution exposure on health among people with SCD.\n\nRecent Findings: Four databases were queried for peer-reviewed, primary research articles published before December 31, 2024. We identified 2246 articles, screened 1454 abstracts, and reviewed 30 full-texts. 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and all included children in the study population. Half of the included studies were set in the United States. Further, half of the studies were published during or after 2020. Across study designs, associations were consistently positive for CO, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 exposures and all-cause ED visits among adults and children, yet few were statistically significant (n = 3).\n\nSummary: This review identified a small body of literature supporting positive associations between ambient exposure to CO, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 and all-cause ED visits among adults and children living with SCD, and findings were consistent with prior research among other potentially susceptible groups. However, marked methodological heterogeneity across studies limited broader inferences.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-026-00557-3.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA",
    "Johns Hopkins Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Baltimore, USA",
    "Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA",
    "Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA",
    "Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Division of Pediatric Hematology / Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Duke University, Durham, USA",
    "Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, USA",
    "Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 200 N Wolfe Street, Suite 3015, Baltimore, 21287 USA MD"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zachary Smith"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Louis Fazen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Katherine Lan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Gabriel Hawthorne"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Justice Lawrence"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kirsten Koehler"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jaime Madrigano"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "John J. Strouse"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jhaqueline Valle"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Catherine Carpenter"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "S. Christy Sadreameli"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/59700c50n57f3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s40572-026-00557-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13731523/",
  "id": "59700c50n57f3",
  "issns": [
    "2196-5412"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-026-00557-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2307|Air Quality and Health Impacts"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225162735",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40572-026-00557-3.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13731523",
  "pmid": "42975766",
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/59700c50n57f3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:21:42Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13731523",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-026-00557-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2307|Air Quality and Health Impacts",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution on Health Among People Living with Sickle Cell Disease: A Scoping Review",
  "title_text": "The Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution on Health Among People Living with Sickle Cell Disease: A Scoping Review",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:21:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/59700c50n57f3",
  "venue": "Current Environmental Health Reports",
  "versions": []
}