{
  "abstract": "Catalytic upgrading of acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) mixtures provides a route to higher-value oxygenates for chemicals and fuel precursors. Here, Ni-, Ru-, and Ni–Ru-loaded ZIF-8 catalysts were prepared and evaluated for ABE upgrading, with particular emphasis on C7 oxygenate formation and the roles of reductive activation and acid–base properties. In situ Ni K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed that Ru facilitated Ni reduction during H2 activation, while CO2-TPD indicated increased basicity upon Ni incorporation. Among the activated catalysts, bimetallic 4Ni2RuZ8_act gave the highest 2-heptanone yield, exceeding the combined yields of the corresponding monometallic catalysts and suggesting a synergistic Ni–Ru effect. A pathway involving n-butanol dehydrogenation, C–C coupling with acetone-derived species to form 3-hepten-2-one, and subsequent hydrogenation to 2-heptanone was proposed. At 240 °C for 20 h using 20 mg of catalyst, 4Ni2RuZ8_act achieved 61.8% acetone conversion and produced 432 µmol of 2-heptanone. Reuse decreased both values by approximately 20%, accompanied by partial ZIF-8 degradation and ZnO formation. These results demonstrate the potential of multifunctional Ni–Ru/ZIF-8 catalysts for ABE upgrading toward C7 oxygenates while identifying structural stability as a key challenge for further development.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand",
    "Institute of Research and Development, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand",
    "Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand",
    "Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand",
    "National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Krittanun Deekamwong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chaiyasit Phawa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Piyanat Seejandee",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-0248-9140"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yingyot Poo-Arporn"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Wanwisa Limphirat"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Sirinuch Loiha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Siriporn Kosawatthanakun",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6637-6049"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Pongtanawat Khemthong",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9502-3584"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jatuporn Wittayakun",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4426-2825"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sanchai Prayoonpokarach"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5az2htj1r9wd9.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/catal16100887",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5az2htj1r9wd9",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4344"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/10/887",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Catalysis for Biomass Conversion"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220841982",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5az2htj1r9wd9.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:43Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/catal16100887",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/10/887"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2073-4344",
      "subfield": "catalysis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Ru-Promoted Ni/ZIF-8 Catalysts for C–C Coupling in the Upgrading of Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Mixtures",
  "title_text": "Ru-Promoted Ni/ZIF-8 Catalysts for C–C Coupling in the Upgrading of Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Mixtures",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5az2htj1r9wd9",
  "venue": "Catalysts",
  "versions": []
}