{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: The endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX; serum creatinine times lactate dehydrogenase/peripheral blood platelet count) seems to reflect endothelial cell activation/dysfunction. Furthermore, endothelial cells support acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation and survival, and high bone marrow microvascular density is associated with adverse prognosis in human AML. Methods: We investigated the pretreatment EASIX score in 160 AML patients (promyelocytic variants excluded) at the time of diagnosis before initiation of intensive cytarabine-based anti-AML therapy. Results: We detected a significant association between the pretreatment EASIX score and the monocytic AML cell phenotype (Fisher's test, p = 0.0007). A weaker association was observed between a high pretreatment EASIX score and C-reactive protein levels (Spearman's test, p = 0.017). We could not detect any significant difference in 5-year overall survival when comparing patient subsets with a pretreatment EASIX score below versus above the median cohort level (Kaplan-Meier's test, p = 0.84), and the overall survival did not differ when comparing overall survival for the two contrasting upper and lower quartiles either (p = 0.88). Furthermore, the 5-year posttransplant survival did not differ between allotransplant recipients (n = 58) with a pretreatment (i.e., at the time of first diagnosis) EASIX score below versus above the cohort median level (p = 0.55). Finally, the 5-year overall survival did not differ when comparing patients with low versus high modified EASIX scores either (p = 0.46). Conclusions: Our study suggests that the pretherapy EASIX score does not have any prognostic impact in non-promyelocytic AML patients receiving conventional intensive AML therapy. This is different from patients with promyelocytic AML variants, in whom a high EASIX score is associated with increased mortality. However, EASIX scoring should be further investigated in AML patients who receive new targeted therapies, including BCL2-inhibition, which is less effective in monocytic AML variants.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.",
    "Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.",
    "K.G. Jebsen Center for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7804, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.",
    "Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, P.O. Box 6165, N-5892 Bergen, Norway.",
    "Department of Nursing, VID Specialized University, Bergen Campus, Ulriksdal 10, N-5009 Bergen, Norway."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Øystein Bruserud"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Guido Smits",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-8171-4065"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Silje Johansen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Espen Talseth Skar",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-9721-4202"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Øystein Wendelbo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Håkon Reikvam",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5439-8411"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5c9rnfbw4shsd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/diagnostics16193117",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664111",
  "id": "5c9rnfbw4shsd",
  "issns": [
    "2075-4418"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882271",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2720|Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214290151",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664111?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13664111",
  "pmid": "42882271",
  "published": "2026-09-25",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5c9rnfbw4shsd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42882271",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882271"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2720|Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The Pretherapy Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Pilot Study.",
  "title_text": "The Pretherapy Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Pilot Study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5c9rnfbw4shsd",
  "venue": "Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}