{
  "abstract": "To support the pre-concept design of Tokamak Energy’s (TEs) ST-E1 fusion power plant, we developed a new systems code, PyTok. PyTok codifies plasma physics and engineering constraints within a pure Python, object-oriented framework designed for rapid design iteration and exploration of the power-plant parameter space. The code base and its human- and machine-readable data structures enable coupling to external physics codes and data-analysis tools. Informed by TEs design philosophy and techno-economic analyses, the code was used to identify an initial reference design point for ST-E1. A commercially competitive fusion power plant is achievable with a tokamak power core of major radius 5.0 m, aspect ratio 1.9 ⩽ A ⩽ 2.3 and toroidal field 3.25 ⩽ B T ⩽ 5.25 T. The selected design point serves both as a pilot plant and as a commercially competitive reactor using the same permanent power core hardware, enabled by an in-vessel component upgrade phase. The commercial phase targets steady-state operation and a normalised capital expenditure of $12 000–15 000 per kW e , corresponding to a fusion power of 2.0–2.5 GW and a net electric power of 800–1000 MW.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Tokamak Energy"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "C.L. Wilson",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-8860-3867"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jack O. Astbury",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-6198-638X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "M.J. Ginsberg",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0423-7032"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "N. Hinton",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-4693-4054"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "E.N.J. Maartensson",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-7289-8516"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Steven McNamara",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0477-5247"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "J. Willis"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Emrah Yıldırım",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1903-1857"
    },
    {
      "name": "the ST-E1 Team"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5f3ddwfsrm5xp.bib",
  "cited_by": 11,
  "doi": "10.1088/1741-4326/ae5d55",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5f3ddwfsrm5xp",
  "issns": [
    "0029-5515",
    "1741-4326"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ae5d55",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Magnetic confinement fusion research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167897254",
  "pdf_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-4326/ae5d55/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-10",
  "publisher": "IOP Publishing",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5f3ddwfsrm5xp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:18Z",
      "native_id": "W7167897254",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ae5d55"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "openalex:3106|Magnetic confinement fusion research",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Design scoping and systems modelling of ST-E1 using the PyTok power plant simulation code",
  "title_text": "Design scoping and systems modelling of ST-E1 using the PyTok power plant simulation code",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T13:20:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5f3ddwfsrm5xp",
  "venue": "Nuclear Fusion",
  "versions": []
}