{
  "abstract": "Coxsackievirus A4 (CV-A4) is a major cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina in children, and has been linked to severe complications. However, current detection methods, including commercial RT-qPCR kits, suffer from false-negative and false-positive results. This study aimed to develop a sensitive and specific TaqMan-based RT-qPCR assay for the rapid detection of CV-A4, targeting the conserved VP1 region covering genotypes A–D and subgenotypes C1–C5, with emphasis on the predominant C2 subgenotype in China. The assay was evaluated using a panel of enteroviruses, influenza virus, adenovirus, and rhinovirus, and compared with two commercial kits using 82 CV-A4-positive and 100 negative clinical specimens. The established assay demonstrated high specificity with no cross-reactivity, a detection limit of 2.1 TCID₅₀ equivalents/mL, and excellent reproducibility (CV ≤ 3.03%). In clinical testing, it achieved a 100% detection rate (82/82) with no false positives within 1.5 h, outperforming the two commercial kits, which showed positive rates of 91.5% and 89.0%, and false-positive rates of 0% and 1%, respectively. These findings indicate that our RT-qPCR assay offers superior sensitivity and specificity for CV-A4 detection, particularly for the C2 subgenotype, and represents a promising tool for laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Health Inspection Center, (Hangzhou Health Supervision Institution), Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.Q.); (F.C.); (S.C.)"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaofeng Qiu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Feifei Cao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shi Cheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jun Li"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g1bzzey1v6ef.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/v18101120",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13709941/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "5g1bzzey1v6ef",
  "issns": [
    "1999-4915"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13709941",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QR1-502"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Viral Infections and Immunology Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221078323",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13709941/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13709941",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g1bzzey1v6ef.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:40Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13709941",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13709941"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:21:37Z",
      "native_id": "08970f9eaa9946b6ae74c9d3554efb90",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/v18101120"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Viral Infections and Immunology Research",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "An RT–qPCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Coxsackievirus A4",
  "title_text": "An RT–qPCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Coxsackievirus A4",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g1bzzey1v6ef",
  "venue": "Viruses",
  "versions": []
}