{
  "abstract": "Midbrain organoids (MOs) can be powerful tools to study brain diseases, yet one shortcoming is the lack of microglia due to their mesodermal developmental origin. Previous studies have incorporated iPSC-derived microglia (iMG), but their immature phenotype restricts the applicability to model age-related neuroinflammatory processes relevant to diseases such as Parkinson's Disease (PD). To address this, we have incorporated MOs with human postmortem PD microglia, iPSC-derived microglial progenitors (iMP), and iMG. Postmortem microglia had a higher infiltration capacity resulting in more microglia per organoid, while iMP had a higher migration capacity reaching the core of the organoid. Compared to iPSC-derived cells, more infiltrated postmortem PD microglia were HLA Class II positive and CD68 positive. This novel approach of integrating postmortem microglia into organoids opens new avenues for modelling age-related neuroinflammatory diseases.Ongoing methodological advancements like our study will offer the field a valuable tool for studying human microglia biology in both health and disease.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Amsterdam UMC"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "M. Verkerke"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. S. Guaqueta"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Zekri"
    },
    {
      "name": "A.-M. v. Dam"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. E. de Vries"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "V. Donega"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g4qkjnq9pekq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.22.753683",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753683v1.full",
  "id": "5g4qkjnq9pekq",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753683v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214178463",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753683v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g4qkjnq9pekq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:24:14Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.22.753683",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753683v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Microglia integration into midbrain organoids: Origin matters",
  "title_text": "Microglia integration into midbrain organoids: Origin matters",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:24:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5g4qkjnq9pekq",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}