{
  "abstract": "The objective of this study is to evaluate whether non-emergency red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) is associated with neurologic outcomes in preterm infants born at 27-31 weeks of gestation. This analysis used data from the Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels (EPIPAGE-2), a French nationwide prospective cohort. Infants born at 27-31 weeks and surviving to 5½ years were included, excluding those with emergency RBCT indications. Neurologic outcomes, defined as moderate or severe disabilities, a composite of motor, neurosensory, and cognitive disabilities, were assessed at 5½ years with standardized scales. Behavioral difficulties were evaluated using parental questionnaires. Transfused and non-transfused infants were matched 1:1 using propensity scores. Statistical analyses included odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences. Of the 2182 infants included (656 transfused, 1526 non-transfused), 1062 were matched (531 per group). In the unmatched cohort, RBCT exposure was significantly associated with the composite outcome of moderate to severe neurological disabilities (OR, 1.40; 95%CI, 1.04-1.87). Cognitive impairment and developmental coordination disorders were significantly increased with RBCT (OR, 1.40; 95%CI, 1.07-1.81 and OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.06-1.96), respectively. After adjustment using the propensity score, RBCTs were not significantly associated with any individual outcome: cerebral palsy, overall cognitive deficiency, coordination disorders, behavioral difficulties, or moderate-to-severe neurological disabilities. Only the association with cognitive performance relating to working memory persisted (mean difference, -2.3; 95%CI, -4.2 to -0.5). Conclusion: After controlling for potential confounders, non-emergency RBCTs in preterm infants born at 27-31 weeks were not significantly associated with long-term neurologic outcomes but reduced working memory warrants further investigation. Trial registration: NCT03078439.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Maxime Coignard"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laetitia Marchand-Martin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gilles Cambonie"
    },
    {
      "name": "Barthélémy Tosello"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pierre-Yves Ancel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Héloïse Torchin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Isabelle Guellec"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5gwcbvftjfpav.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s00431-026-07137-5",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5gwcbvftjfpav",
  "issns": [
    "0340-6199",
    "1432-1076"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05762611v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdv.mhep"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2735|Infant Development and Preterm Care"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7164040640",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05762611/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": "42262600",
  "published": "2026-06-09",
  "publisher": "Springer Verlag [1975-....]",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5gwcbvftjfpav.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:40Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05762611",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05762611v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2735|Infant Development and Preterm Care",
      "subfield": "reproductive-child"
    }
  ],
  "title": "School-age neurodevelopmental outcomes after non-emergency red blood cell transfusions in preterm infants: a propensity score–matched study from the Epipage 2 cohort",
  "title_text": "School-age neurodevelopmental outcomes after non-emergency red blood cell transfusions in preterm infants: a propensity score–matched study from the Epipage 2 cohort",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5gwcbvftjfpav",
  "venue": "European Journal of Pediatrics",
  "versions": []
}