{
  "abstract": "INTRODUCTION:: Small bowel submucosal tumors (SBSTs) are rare, often asymptomatic in early stages, and difficult to detect due to the anatomical inaccessibility of the small intestine and limitations of conventional endoscopy.\n\nAIM:: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the mucosal protrusion angle (MPA) measured on capsule endoscopy for distinguishing SBSTs from benign bulges, and to compare its performance with the established smooth, protruding lesions index on capsule endoscopy (SPICE) scoring system.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS:: This case series study retrospectively reviewed 622 patients. Among them, 69 cases with smooth, protruding lesions were initially identified. After excluding lesions with alarm features and those without definitive follow-up confirmation, 31 cases were included in the final analysis.\n\nRESULTS:: Mean MPA was significantly smaller in the SBST group than in the bulge cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for MPA in predicting SBSTs was 0.98, significantly higher than that of SPICE scoring. The optimal diagnostic cutoff for MPA was 88°, rounded to 90° for clinical practicality. Using a threshold below 90°, MPA achieved sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.7%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%—all superior to SPICE scoring at a threshold above 2 points (sensitivity, 72.7%; specificity, 85%; PPV, 72.7%; NPV, 85%). A combined criterion (MPA <90° and SPICE >2) yielded 100% specificity and PPV, but lower sensitivity (72.7%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS:: MPA is a simple, highly accurate, and superior metric to SPICE scoring for differentiating SBSTs from innocent bulges on capsule endoscopy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Third Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhaoguo Xue"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yongming Kang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaomei Sun"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5jar7h8n8vwm2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.20452/wiitm.2026.18051",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738035/",
  "id": "5jar7h8n8vwm2",
  "issns": [
    "1895-4588",
    "2299-0054"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.20452/wiitm.2026.18051",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "General Surgery"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2715|Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223922078",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.mp.pl/videosurgery/en/node/18051/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13738035",
  "pmid": "42991646",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Fundacja Wideochirurgii",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5jar7h8n8vwm2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:06Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738035",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.20452/wiitm.2026.18051"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:2746|Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Mucosal protrusion angle measured on capsule endoscopy for the diagnosis of small bowel submucosal tumors: a preliminary exploration of diagnostic accuracy based on a case series",
  "title_text": "Mucosal protrusion angle measured on capsule endoscopy for the diagnosis of small bowel submucosal tumors: a preliminary exploration of diagnostic accuracy based on a case series",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:06Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5jar7h8n8vwm2",
  "venue": "Videosurgery and other Miniinvasive Techniques",
  "versions": []
}