{
  "abstract": "Ethylene glycol (EG) electrooxidation provides an alternative anodic reaction to the 20 oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and enables the conversion of EG-containing plastic hydrolysates into value-added products, potentially facilitating downstream product recovery and purification. Its activity and selectivity depend on the surface redox chemistry of the catalyst and competition with OER. Here, Co-, Fe-, Ni-, and NiFe- 2 modified birnessite-derived manganese oxides were prepared by microwave-assisted 25 hydrothermal synthesis and evaluated for EG oxidation in alkaline media. The synthesis conditions affected both the MnOx phase and the metal content of the recovered solids, leading to hetero-structured electrocatalysts. The Ni-modified birnessite, prepared under neutral conditions with relatively high Ni content and a poorly crystalline birnessite-type structure, showed optimized EG oxidation activity for formate 30 production. The applied potential further affected the formate selectivity. At 1.6 V vs RHE, formate Faradaic efficiency reached 93%, while increasing the potential to 1.9 V increased the overall anodic current but reduced Faradaic efficiency. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified formate as the major soluble product, while glycolate was detected as an intermediate. 35 This study demonstrated proof-of-concept electro-oxidation of enzyme-catalysisderived EG from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene furanoate (PEF) hydrolysates.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, Aalborg Øst, Denmark, 9220",
    "Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstræde 16, Øst, Denmark, 9220",
    "Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus C, Denmark, 8000",
    "School of Resources and Materials",
    "Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nicklas Munksgaard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Andreas Karlsen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Emil Riis Wolfhagen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Peter Kjær Kristensen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cristiano Varrone"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Virender Kumar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kim Daasbjerg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Kristine Aalestrup"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Hongyu Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xinxin Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xinxin Xiao",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0240-0038"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5mx7v8mxczghb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15010361/v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5mx7v8mxczghb",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15010361/v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2105|Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221584839",
  "pdf_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15010361/v1",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5mx7v8mxczghb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
      "native_id": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15010361",
      "source": "chemrxiv",
      "url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15010361/v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2105|Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion",
      "subfield": "electrochemistry-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evaluation of birnessite-based electrocatalysts for ethylene glycol oxidation to formate: towards biocatalysis and electrocatalysis-based waste plastic upgrading",
  "title_text": "Evaluation of birnessite-based electrocatalysts for ethylene glycol oxidation to formate: towards biocatalysis and electrocatalysis-based waste plastic upgrading",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5mx7v8mxczghb",
  "venue": "ChemRxiv",
  "versions": []
}