{
  "abstract": "Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) enable minimally invasive, cell-type-specific optical measurements of neuronal membrane potential with millisecond temporal resolution. Red-shifted GEVIs are especially advantageous because they permit spectral multiplexing with complementary sensors and enable all-optical circuit interrogation in combination with blue-light-activated opsins. Despite these advantages, existing red GEVIs remain poorly suited for in vivo use due to limited performance under two-photon (2P) excitation, the predominant modality for deep-tissue imaging. Here, we introduce VADER1, a red GEVI that overcomes this limitation and enables reliable spike detection in vivo under 2P illumination. Under 2P excitation, VADER1 supports extended voltage imaging with both random-access and resonant-scanning microscopy, enables recordings from neurons as deep as cortical layer 5, and allows dual-color imaging with calcium indicators. By filling a critical spectral gap, VADER1 enables integrated optical measurements of fast electrical activity alongside other neural signals and establishes a foundation for two-photon all-optical electrophysiology.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 29,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Shuyuan Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alex James Mcdonald"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoyu Lu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Vincent Villette"
    },
    {
      "name": "Noura Hakam"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mario Galdamez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tanmayee Torne-Srivas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gregory Foran"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoyu Dong"
    },
    {
      "name": "Matthew Shorey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nima Bavili"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shujuan Lai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhuohe Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haixin Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tom Maslianitsyna"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rémi Fournel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Emiliano Ronzitti"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jun Zhu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ryan Gregory Natan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jonathan Bradley"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniela Gaspar Santos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yu-Yau York Shan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lindsey Ran"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ming Hu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Valentina Emiliani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Na Ji"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jacob Reimer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Laurent Bourdieu"
    },
    {
      "name": "François St-Pierre"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5p3nwh3z132yd.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.06.01.726307",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5p3nwh3z132yd",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05827304v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1304|Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7163363824",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5p3nwh3z132yd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:00Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05827304",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05827304v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1304|Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques",
      "subfield": "biophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A red-emitting, genetically encoded indicator for two-photon voltage recording in vivo",
  "title_text": "A red-emitting, genetically encoded indicator for two-photon voltage recording in vivo",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5p3nwh3z132yd",
  "venue": "HAL",
  "versions": []
}