{
  "abstract": "Thermodynamically favorable (\"downhill\") reactions that convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into stable solid and dissolved carbonates via reaction with alkaline materials offer a promising route to immobilize gigatonnes of CO2 drawn from dilute sources such as the atmosphere, oceans, and low-concentration flue gases. While subsurface geological CO2 mineralization is technically viable, it depends on specific geological conditions, water availability, and, critically, the availability of unbuilt infrastructure (e.g., pipelines, monitoring stations) and access to concentrated CO2, whose separation from dilute sources is both energy- and cost-intensive. Considering the dual need to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and to decarbonize emission-intensive industries, this perspective highlights electrolysis-driven pH-swing approaches that (a) accelerate CO2 removal from air or flue gases, with overall economics strengthened by the coproduction of hydrogen (H2), and (b) enable low-carbon cement (and hence, concrete) production. First, we present a seawater electrolysis strategy that enables atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and produces (Ca,Mg) carbonates/hydroxides and H2 for a gross energy intensity (gEI) of ∼2 MWh per tonne of CO2 (MWh/tCO2). Here, key considerations include acid management and the mitigation of chlorine evolution at scale. Second, we highlight electrochemical methods to synthesize portlandite (Ca(OH)2) and H2 at ambient temperature and pressure from calcium-rich minerals and industrial residues, at ∼2 MWh per tonne Ca(OH)2. We discuss efficient means for calcium extraction and electrolytic Ca(OH)2 precipitation as critical aspects of this pathway. Collectively, these electrolysis-based methods offer scalable, energy-efficient solutions for gigatonne-scale CDR and \"hard-to-abate\" industrial sectors, particularly when powered by renewable energy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "Institute for Carbon Management, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "Equatic Inc., Torrance, California90501, United States.",
    "CarbonBuilt Inc. , Danielson, Connecticut06239, United States.",
    "Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "Department of Chemistry, TU-Munich, Garching85748, Germany.",
    "Concrete.AI Inc., Los Angeles, California90025, United States.",
    "Missouri University of Science and Technology , Rolla, Missouri65409, United States.",
    "School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Tempe, Arizona85281, United States.",
    "Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States.",
    "Chement Inc., Chicago, Illinois60647, United States.",
    "Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States.",
    "Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Davis, California95616, United States."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 21,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xin Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3273-4431"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dale Prentice"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ross Arnold",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6863-8674"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Aaron Sabin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Camly Tran"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Steven Bustillos"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Adriano Leão",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6743-8099"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Marie Collin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nicolas Alfonso Vargas",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7675-1850"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Mathieu Bauchy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Aditya Kumar",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7550-8034"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Narayanan Neithalath",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3174-0402"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1060-5495"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Traynor"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Lorenzo Corsini",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8077-6559"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Dante Simonetti",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5708-460X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Torben Gadt",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7940-5403"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        11
      ],
      "name": "David Jassby",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2133-2536"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Fabian Rosner"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        12,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Gaurav Sant",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1124-5498"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2,
        14
      ],
      "name": "Erika La Plante",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5273-9523"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5pqdxn2rcsshc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/jacs.6c13870",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13632558",
  "id": "5pqdxn2rcsshc",
  "issns": [
    "0002-7863",
    "1520-5126"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42937846",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2210|Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213306813",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13632558?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13632558",
  "pmid": "42937846",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5pqdxn2rcsshc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42937846",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42937846"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:1605|Chemical Reaction Mechanisms",
      "subfield": "organic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Seawater Electrolysis Enables Multipathway Climate Change Mitigation through Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Removal, Renewable Hydrogen Production, and Cement and Concrete Decarbonization.",
  "title_text": "Seawater Electrolysis Enables Multipathway Climate Change Mitigation through Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Removal, Renewable Hydrogen Production, and Cement and Concrete Decarbonization.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5pqdxn2rcsshc",
  "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
  "versions": []
}