{
  "abstract": "Owing to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a promising biomaterial in dental and medical fields. However, PEEK lacks osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties for efficient bone regeneration. In the present study, we aimed to develop a porous PEEK scaffold integrating gelatin hydrogel as a carrier for the sustained delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and evaluate its bone regeneration potential. The pores in the three-dimensional printed porous PEEK were filled with an aqueous solution of gelatin, followed by freeze-drying and dehydrothermal crosslinking to obtain a porous PEEK scaffold with gelatin hydrogel (Gel-PEEK). BMP-2 dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline was impregnated into Gel-PEEK to obtain Gel-PEEK incorporating BMP-2 (BMP-2@Gel-PEEK). After confirming the sustained release of BMP-2 from Gel-PEEK in vitro, the bone regeneration potential of BMP-2@Gel-PEEK was evaluated using a model of critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. Micro-computed tomography and histological analyses demonstrated augmented bone regeneration by BMP-2@Gel-PEEK compared with PEEK only and Gel-PEEK without incorporating BMP-2. These findings suggest that through the sustained release of BMP-2, the porous PEEK with gelatin hydrogel is a promising platform for bone regeneration.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan",
    "Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuka Shiotani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jun-ichiro Jo",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-4518-1577"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sara Takasugi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Takeryo Adachi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kenichirou Yasui"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yoshiya Hashimoto",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7082-5804"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Aki Nishiura",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9295-2532"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5rgf2bptmf1j6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ijms27209337",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705263/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "5rgf2bptmf1j6",
  "issns": [
    "1422-0067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9337",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Bone Tissue Engineering Materials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223154657",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13705263/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13705263",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5rgf2bptmf1j6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:57Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/ijms27209337",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9337"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13705263",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13705263"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "issn:1422-0067",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Evaluation of Bone Regeneration by Sustained Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein from Porous Polyetheretherketone",
  "title_text": "Evaluation of Bone Regeneration by Sustained Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein from Porous Polyetheretherketone",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5rgf2bptmf1j6",
  "venue": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",
  "versions": []
}