{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nGenitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) is a common form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis that often presents with nonspecific urinary symptoms and is frequently diagnosed late. Genitourinary tuberculosis can cause progressive urinary tract obstruction, hydronephrosis, and renal impairment, particularly when diagnosis is delayed. Concurrent pulmonary involvement may occur and should be considered when evaluating patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis.Case presentation\n\nA 39-year-old male presented with a two-year history of progressive lower urinary tract symptoms,later accompanied by hematuria, constitutional symptoms, and altered mentation. Laboratory evaluation revealed severe anemia, elevated inflammatory markers, and progressive acute kidney injury. Abdominal CT demonstrated chronic right renal atrophy with left hydroureteronephrosis with ureteric wall thickening, asymmetric bladder wall thickening, and significant abdominopelvic lymphadenopathy. Urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chest radiography and HRCT confirmed concurrent active pulmonary tuberculosis with apical cavitary lesions and tree-in-bud nodules. The patient required hemodialysis for refractory hyperkalemia and uremic encephalopathy. After stabilization, renal-dose antituberculous therapy (RHZE) was initiated the patient showed progressive clinical and renal improvement. He was discharged and continued antituberculous therapy.Conclusion\n\nThis case highlights that obstructive uropathy and renal failure may be presenting manifestations of genitourinary tuberculosis even in immunocompetent adults living in high-burden settings. Concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis should therefore be actively investigated. Early use of urine-based molecular testing, such as GeneXpert, together with a high index of suspicion may facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment, potentially preventing irreversible renal and urinary tract damage.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.",
    "Department of Intensive care Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.",
    "Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.",
    "Department of surgery, Urology Division, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Henok Taddese Ghebremichael"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Amanuel Dagabas Wakoya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mikiyas Wondwesen Ayele"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Dagmawi Antneh Teferi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tadege Haregewoine Alemayehu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5s3p91s01fr2m.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02801",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693055",
  "id": "5s3p91s01fr2m",
  "issns": [
    "2214-2509"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921387",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221775853",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693055?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693055",
  "pmid": "42921387",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5s3p91s01fr2m.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42921387",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921387"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Obstructive nephropathy requiring dialysis secondary to genitourinary tuberculosis with concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent young adult: A case report.",
  "title_text": "Obstructive nephropathy requiring dialysis secondary to genitourinary tuberculosis with concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent young adult: A case report.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5s3p91s01fr2m",
  "venue": "IDCases",
  "versions": []
}