{
  "abstract": "BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can provide effective treatment for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs), but long-term oncologic and allograft outcomes remain poorly characterized.\n\nObjectiveTo evaluate long-term efficacy and allograft outcomes after ICI therapy in SOTRs with advanced CSCC.\n\nMethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of SOTRs with advanced CSCC treated with systemic ICI at Mass General Brigham from 2016-2025. Tumor response, survival, immune-related adverse events, immunosuppression modifications, rejection rate, and graft loss were assessed. Kidney graft failure was analyzed using competing-risk methods with death as a competing event.\n\nResultsAmong 36 SOTRs, objective response rate was 44.4% (95% CI, 27.9%-61.9%), including 9 complete responses. At 3 years, progression-free, disease-specific, and overall survival were 18.6%, 65.8%, and 32.5%, respectively. Median follow-up was 42.1 months. Five patients experienced graft loss, all kidney recipients; 4 had biopsy-confirmed rejection. The 3-year cumulative incidence of kidney graft failure was 16.7% (95% CI, 2.9%-30.5%).\n\nLimitationsRetrospective design, modest sample size, and heterogeneous immunosuppression limited risk-factor analyses.\n\nConclusionICI provided long-term CSCC control with a low rate of allograft loss, highlighting the need for longitudinal multidisciplinary management balancing oncologic benefit, graft preservation, and competing mortality risk.\n\nCapsuleO_LILong-term outcomes remain poorly defined despite responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid organ transplant recipients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. C_LIO_LIA 44.4% objective response rate, 65.8% 3-year disease-specific survival, and 16.7% 3-year kidney graft failure incidence support shared decision-making and coordinated cancer and transplant monitoring. C_LI",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mass Eye and Ear | Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;Computational and Artificial Intelligenc"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "H. Wu"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Murphy"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. Becot"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. M. Fragano"
    },
    {
      "name": "E. H. S. Lin"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Surapaneni"
    },
    {
      "name": "D. Shirvani"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. Cimoch"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Merkin"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Cohen"
    },
    {
      "name": "W. W. Williams"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Emerick"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. L. Kaufman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "S. Z. Shalhout"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5vba2yskja7nc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341v1.full",
  "id": "5vba2yskja7nc",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "dermatology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213751714",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5vba2yskja7nc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:56Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363341v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Long-Term Efficacy and Allograft Loss after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma",
  "title_text": "Long-Term Efficacy and Allograft Loss after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5vba2yskja7nc",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}