{
  "abstract": "Glycosylation is widespread in biology and shapes molecular recognition, yet the diversity and biosynthetic organization of viral glycosyltransferases (GTs) remain poorly understood. Here we integrate structural-alphabet-guided searches and structure similarity networks with genomic-neighbourhood and biosynthetic gene cluster embedding analyses to examine viral GT-A proteins. This approach reveals extensive structural diversity overlooked by sequence-based annotation, including previously uncharacterized viral GT lineages. Most strikingly, we identified a jumbo-phage locus encoding five tandem glycosyltransferases alongside hydroxymethyl-pyrimidine biosynthetic and sulfation-associated enzymes, suggesting a previously unrecognized form of viral DNA modification involving a sulfated pentasaccharide. Beyond these examples, predicted saccharide-associated loci span divergent double-stranded DNA viruses, from giant viruses to tailed phages, and occupy multiple regions of the reference biosynthetic landscape. Together, our findings uncover an underappreciated repertoire of virus-encoded glycosylation machinery and suggest that viral glycan biosynthesis encompasses diverse molecular contexts and potential biological functions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.39662",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Lan Na"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5wq2z3dfnevm0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.39662",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5wq2z3dfnevm0",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39662",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "q-bio.BM"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.39662",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5wq2z3dfnevm0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:36:36Z",
      "native_id": "2610.39662",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.39662"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "arxiv:q-bio.BM",
      "subfield": "biophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "AI-driven structural informatics reveals diverse glycosylation machinery across double-stranded DNA viruses",
  "title_text": "AI-driven structural informatics reveals diverse glycosylation machinery across double-stranded DNA viruses",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:20:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5wq2z3dfnevm0",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}