{
  "abstract": "Newborns are especially susceptible to bacterial meningitis, primarily caused by Group B Streptococcus (GBS), due to incomplete maturation of immune and barrier systems. While meningitis is well known to break down the blood-brain barrier (BBB), how the meningeal arachnoid barrier, a critical component of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSFB), responds to infection is poorly understood. Using a neonatal mouse model of bacterial meningitis, we demonstrate that GBS infection significantly increases arachnoid barrier permeability, coinciding with alterations in Claudin-11 tight junction distribution and elevated meningeal production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL1). CD206 + /Lyve1 + border-associated macrophages (BAMs) undergo significant morphological and molecular activation post-infection, but their depletion prior to GBS infection did not attenuate arachnoid barrier leakage or inflammatory cytokine levels during infection. We show that meningeal fibroblasts are a main source of proinflammatory cytokines in response to GBS infection and that exposure to the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α alone is sufficient to induce neonatal arachnoid barrier breakdown. These results support neonatal arachnoid barrier is vulnerable to cytokine-induced breakdown in bacterial infection and highlight the role of non-immune meningeal cells like fibroblasts during bacterial infection.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "University of Colorado Anschutz, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Anschutz, Cell Biology Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, Aurora, CO 80045, USA",
    "University of Colorado Anschutz, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA",
    "Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Collective for Psychiatric Neuroengineering, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Durham, NC 27710, USA; North Carolina Central University, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham, NC 27707, USA",
    "University of Colorado Anschutz, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: kelly.doran@cuanschutz.edu",
    "University of Colorado Anschutz, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Anschutz, Cell Biology Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: julie.siegenthaler@cuanschutz.edu"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sol Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Luke R. Joyce",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9346-671X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amanda Brady",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4869-6209"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Brady L. Spencer",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4374-6403"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bradley T. Pawlikowski",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6156-764X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Julia Derk"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Kelly S. Doran",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4232-6837"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Julie A. Siegenthaler",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3700-6441"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5xzctwf50yftq.bib",
  "cited_by": 6,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.celrep.2026.118141",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "5xzctwf50yftq",
  "issns": [
    "2211-1247",
    "2639-1856"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211124726012209",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Barrier Structure and Function Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221538123",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC12991148",
  "pmid": "41846965",
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5xzctwf50yftq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:34Z",
      "native_id": "10.1016/j.celrep.2026.118141",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211124726012209"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T13:21:11Z",
      "native_id": "W7221538123",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2026.118141"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2808|Barrier Structure and Function Studies",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Meningeal inflammation and arachnoid barrier breakdown in a mouse model of neonatal bacterial meningitis",
  "title_text": "Meningeal inflammation and arachnoid barrier breakdown in a mouse model of neonatal bacterial meningitis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/5xzctwf50yftq",
  "venue": "Cell Reports",
  "versions": []
}