{
  "abstract": "BACKGROUND Visual impairment can hinder medication self-management in older adults, but severity-specific associations with adherence across chronic disease regimens are not well characterized. MATERIAL AND METHODS This single-center cross-sectional observational study included 100 consecutive outpatients older than 60 years with at least 1 chronic disease and long-term medication use at a tertiary geriatric clinic in 2024. Data were obtained through medical-record abstraction, nurse-administered interviews, and task-based observation at the index visit. Better-eye best-corrected visual acuity was categorized as normal vision or mild, moderate, or severe visual impairment. Adherence was assessed with the Chinese 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Study-specific unintentional nonadherence behaviors were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS Mean MMAS-8 scores declined from 7.32 (SD, 0.74) in normal vision to 6.09 (SD, 0.79), 5.21 (SD, 1.12), and 4.29 (SD, 1.52) in mild, moderate, and severe visual impairment, respectively (F=34.96, P<0.001). Conversely, low adherence increased from 3.7% in the normal-vision group to 45.0%, 71.4%, and 88.9% in the mild, moderate, and severe visual impairment groups, respectively. Adjusted odds ratios for low adherence were 3.45 (95% CI, 1.18-10.13), 8.72 (95% CI, 2.94-25.83), and 16.45 (95% CI, 4.21-64.23) for mild, moderate, and severe visual impairment versus normal vision. CONCLUSIONS Greater visual impairment severity was associated with lower adherence and more frequent exploratory indicators of unintentional medication-use difficulty. These cross-sectional, single-center findings are hypothesis-generating and require prospective validation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.",
    "Department of Nursing, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qi Shen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xianhong Zeng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Li Yu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6123fndq73hv4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.12659/msm.954346",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13689673",
  "id": "6123fndq73hv4",
  "issns": [
    "1234-1010",
    "1643-3750"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42892708",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2714|Medication Adherence and Compliance"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7203728033",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13689673?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13689673",
  "pmid": "42892708",
  "published": "2026-10-18",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6123fndq73hv4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42892708",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42892708"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2714|Medication Adherence and Compliance",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Association of Visual Impairment With Medication Adherence and Unintentional Nonadherence Behaviors in Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.",
  "title_text": "Association of Visual Impairment With Medication Adherence and Unintentional Nonadherence Behaviors in Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/6123fndq73hv4",
  "venue": "Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research",
  "versions": []
}