{
  "abstract": "The nature of the dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is investigated experimentally in the wake of a diameter $D=0.58$m wind turbine exposed to several ``flavours'' of high-Reynolds-number free-stream turbulence (FST). For low- and moderate-intensity FST, an annular region of elevated normalised dissipation, $C_{\\varepsilon}$, develops in the outer wake, coinciding with a ring of enhanced turbulence intermittency at both small ($\\ell \\leq λ$) and large ($\\ell \\geq D$) scales, where $λ$ is the Taylor microscale. In the blade-tip region, $C_{\\varepsilon}$ scales with $\\sqrt{Re_D}/Re_λ$, where $Re_D$ is a global Reynolds number and $Re_λ$ a local turbulent Reynolds number based on $λ$-a scaling indicative of dissipation being out of equilibrium with the inter-scale flux of TKE in the inertial range of the energy cascade. This non-equilibrium regime is interpreted in light of the observed intermittency : large-scale intermittent events (i.e., low-wavenumber perturbations/``kicks''), driven by persistent tip-vortex and tip-shear-layer dynamics under low-intensity FST, require a finite time to cascade down to the dissipative scales, thereby introducing an imbalance between the inter-scale energy flux and dissipation. At the wake centreline, by contrast, $C_{\\varepsilon}$ remains approximately constant with streamwise distance, reflecting either classical Kolmogorov-type equilibrium turbulence or balanced non-equilibrium turbulence, with intermittency confined to the small scales. Under high-intensity FST, large-scale intermittency is suppressed, consistent with the erosion of tip-vortex structures, and no comparable scaling for $C_{\\varepsilon}$ could be identified using a single turbulent Reynolds number for these cases, where two similarly intense streams of turbulence, but of different origins, are adjacent to one another.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.03996",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Martin Bourhis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Oliver R. H. Buxton"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61b75586e0hgf.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.03996",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "61b75586e0hgf",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.03996",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2202|Wind Energy Research and Development"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7208792017",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.03996",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61b75586e0hgf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:31Z",
      "native_id": "2609.03996",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.03996"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.flu-dyn",
      "subfield": "fluid-dynamics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Dissipation scaling in wind turbine wakes exposed to free-stream turbulence",
  "title_text": "Dissipation scaling in wind turbine wakes exposed to free-stream turbulence",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61b75586e0hgf",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}