{
  "abstract": "Recycling ground tire rubber (GTR) into polymer-matrix composites requires accounting for both matrix formulation and rubber particle-size distribution. Here, polyurethane, epoxy, novolac–hexamine, and unsaturated polyester systems were compared using four gradations of the same rubber source (16 formulations). A common main-resin-to-rubber mass ratio of 20% was used; differences in required auxiliary components and curing conditions were explicitly considered. The 28-day reference compression results ranged from 1.22 to 1.35 MPa for the polyester formulations to 8.21 MPa for epoxy–K1; epoxy–K1 also reached 2.21 MPa in flexure, whereas polyurethane–K4 reached 6.29 MPa in compression and 1.94 MPa in flexure. Thirteen available compression curves were reprocessed using the 70 × 50 mm loaded face and 70 mm loading length; derived deformation and work-density parameters are apparent, machine-displacement-based measures. Binder-specific UPV trends were exploratory (four gradations per binder). Selected SEM/EDS, ATR-FTIR, and representative TGA/DTG data supplied complementary evidence without establishing interfacial chemical bonding, cure inhibition, or fire performance. The results indicate formulation-dependent strength–deformation trade-offs within the tested materials rather than a universal optimum matrix or gradation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Türkiye"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mehrzad Mohabbi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8584-1658"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Canan Kaya Sahin"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61pbx9nc5d8pf.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/polym18202599",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "61pbx9nc5d8pf",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4360"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2599",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2210|Polymer Science and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223188126",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61pbx9nc5d8pf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/polym18202599",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2599"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2073-4360",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effect of Polymer Matrix Type and Particle-Size Distribution on the Mechanical, Microstructural, and Thermal Behavior of Waste Tire Rubber Composites",
  "title_text": "Effect of Polymer Matrix Type and Particle-Size Distribution on the Mechanical, Microstructural, and Thermal Behavior of Waste Tire Rubber Composites",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/61pbx9nc5d8pf",
  "venue": "Polymers",
  "versions": []
}