{
  "abstract": "Planar perovskite solar cells suffer from interfacial losses at the perovskite/charge transport layer junction, limiting their efficiency and stability. This work introduces an ultrathin niobium pentoxide layer between the electron transport layer and perovskite interface, acting as an interlayer. The niobium pentoxide interface enables charge transport across the interlayer in the solar cells without causing any significant changes in the characteristics of the perovskite absorber. This modification suppressed leakage current and charge carrier recombination, decreasing the energy barrier for electron extraction, leading to improved open-circuit voltage and overall power conversion efficiency. The method achieved a maximum efficiency of 25.19% in single-junction typical perovskite solar cells in comparison to the 22.66% for the optimized device without modification. Moreover, increasing operating temperature from 300 K to 400 K reduced the normalized efficiency of the solar cell only by 14% of its initial performance at 300 K, indicating a low reduction in electrical device properties. This study offers insights into engineering the interface properties and improving the photovoltaic performance of perovskite photovoltaics.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Remote Sensing and Geophysics, Al-Karkh University of Science Haifa St. Baghdad 10011 Iraq",
    "College of Science, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa 56001 Karbala Iraq",
    "Faculty of Technical Education, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research (HCASR), Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan",
    "Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GLA University Mathura-281406 India",
    "Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed to be University) Bangalore Karnataka India",
    "Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Siksha ‘O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar Odisha-751030 India",
    "Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh University Mohali Punjab India"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mustafa Kareem",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1850-6355"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Basem Abu Zneid"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Anjan Kumar",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0451-6042"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Gopalakrishna K."
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Satish Choudhury"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Ramneek Sidhu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/626m7kn3q2bw4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra10070h",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13733531/",
  "id": "626m7kn3q2bw4",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra10070h",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-3.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 3.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Perovskite Materials and Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225232529",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13733531",
  "pmid": "42985321",
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/626m7kn3q2bw4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:23:17Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13733531",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra10070h"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "heading:Chemistry",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Niobium pentoxide-mediated engineering of the SnO2/perovskite interface: simulation study",
  "title_text": "Niobium pentoxide-mediated engineering of the SnO2/perovskite interface: simulation study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:23:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/626m7kn3q2bw4",
  "venue": "RSC Advances",
  "versions": []
}