{
  "abstract": "JWST is revealing abundant populations of high-$z$ galaxies with unforeseen properties: UV-luminous galaxies with high nitrogen enrichment, populations of very massive stars (VMSs; $>100\\ M_\\odot$), and early forms of massive black hole growth such as the Little Red Dots (LRDs). Here we present all these phenomena appearing simultaneously in COLA1, a luminous ($M_{\\rm UV}=-21.3$) galaxy at $z=6.6$. New NIRSpec medium-resolution data reveal a blue UV continuum ($β_{\\rm UV}=-2.5$) with strong emission lines including NIV] $\\lambda1486$, stellar P Cygni profiles, and broad HeII $\\lambda1640$. We fit the UV with stellar population models, and find that the models including VMSs (limited to $300\\ M_\\odot$) are statistically preferred. The best-fit stellar population has $M_*\\approx10^8\\ M_\\odot$, and a young age of $2.4\\pm0.8$ Myr. The rest-optical shows a redder continuum ($β_{\\rm opt}=-1.1$) and broad Balmer lines with Balmer absorption akin to LRD spectra. By evolving the best-fit stellar population we find that the UV could dim by 1-2 mag in $\\sim5$ Myr, and hence this system would be observed as a typical V-shaped LRD. We measure a supersolar $\\rm log_{10}(N/O)=-0.07\\pm0.05$ and subsolar $\\rm log_{10}(C/O)=-0.64\\pm0.11$; therefore $\\rm log_{10}(N/C)=+0.58\\pm0.12$. The independent density-sensitive NIV] $λ\\lambda1483,1486$ and CIII] $λ\\lambda1906/1909$ ratios require two zones with $n_e\\gtrsim10^{6.5}$ cm$^{-3}$ and $n_e\\lesssim10^{3.5}$ cm$^{-3}$, respectively. We estimate $\\rm log_{10}(N/C)>1.3$ (2$σ$) for the dense zone, requiring extreme N/C enrichment mechanisms such as highly rotating $>100\\ M_\\odot$ VMSs, tidal disruption events, or supermassive stars. We speculate that runaway collisions of massive stars in a dense stellar cluster may have lead to the seeding of an intermediate-mass black hole resulting in the formation of an LRD.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.29887",
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Alberto Torralba"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jorryt Matthee"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rui Marques-Chaves"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fabrice Martins"
    },
    {
      "name": "Benjamín Navarrete"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gabriele Pezzulli"
    },
    {
      "name": "Edoardo Iani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rohan P. Naidu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gabriel Brammer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Claudia Di Cesare"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anne Hutter"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gauri Kotiwale"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ruari Mackenzie"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sara Mascia"
    },
    {
      "name": "Romain Meyer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniel Schaerer"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/633vvbe24mt4r.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.29887",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "633vvbe24mt4r",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29887",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "0.phys"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.phys.astr"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223208994",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.29887",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/633vvbe24mt4r.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:34:19Z",
      "native_id": "2610.29887",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29887"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05850610",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05850610v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "hal:0.phys",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A Little Red Dot emerging from a nitrogen-rich UV-luminous galaxy with Very Massive Stars",
  "title_text": "A Little Red Dot emerging from a nitrogen-rich UV-luminous galaxy with Very Massive Stars",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T15:20:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/633vvbe24mt4r",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}